Fig. 5.

Leg regeneration ability and its regulation by the decapentaplegic (Dpp) pathway in P. americana. a Limb regeneration confirmation under different trauma severity indices. The diagram in the box represents a typical leg with indicated parts in which we performed the amputation experiment. Regeneration ability is shown in the bottom, according to the wild-type size. 4+, wild-type size; from 3+ to +, incomplete sizes; −, null. b Function of Dpp signaling pathway in leg regeneration. No leg regenerated (−) when Dpp and mothers-against-dpp (Mad) genes were knocked down by RNAi. CK, control dsRNA corresponds to that in Fig. 3