Table 2.
The etiology of HFMD by settings and disease severity in Shanghai during 2014–2016
| Serotype | Mild cases in the community Number of cases (%) | Hospitalized cases without complications Number of cases (%) | Severe cases with meningitis/encephalitis Number of cases (%) | Cluster-associated HFMD outbreaks Number of episodes (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 (n* = 1513) | 2015 (n* = 1206) | 2016 (n* = 1401) | 2014 (n* = 375) | 2015 (n* = 263) | 2016 (n* = 431) | 2014 (n* = 239) | 2015 (n* = 35) | 2016 (n* = 59) | 2014 (n* = 436) | 2015 (n* = 231) | 2016 (n* = 821) | |
| EV-A71 | 390 (25.78%) | 210 (17.41%) | 265 (18.92%) | 161 (42.93%) | 75 (28.52%) | 137 (31.79%) | 186 (77.82%) | 35 (100%) | 58 (98.31%) | 111 (25.45%) | 44 (19.05%) | 142 (17.30%) |
| CV-A16 | 630 (41.64%) | 256 (21.23%) | 390 (27.84%) | 82 (21.87%) | 17 (6.46%) | 61 (14.15%) | 4 (1.67%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 221 (50.69%%) | 88 (38.10%) | 271 (33.01%) |
| CV-A6 | 347 (22.93%) | 615 (50.99%) | 632 (45.11%) | 114 (30.40%) | 141 (53.61%) | 192 (44.55%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.69%) | 53 (12.16%) | 76 (32.90%) | 298 (36.30%) |
| CV-A10 | 27 (1.78%) | 38 (3.15%) | 23 (1.64%) | 7 (1.8%) | 21 (7.98%) | 20 (4.64%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 24 (2.91%) |
| Pan-enterovirus | 119 (7.87%) | 87 (7.21%) | 91 (6.49%) | 11 (2.93%) | 9 (3.42%) | 21 (4.87%) | 49 (20.67%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 51 (11.70%) | 23 (9.95%) | 86 (10.48%) |
n* the number of cases or episodes sampled and tested positive for enterovirus.