Table 4.
Multivariable Cox hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for baseline Cornell voltage left ventricular hypertrophy
| Deatha | P | Coronary heart diseaseb | P | Nonfatal myocardial infarctionc | P | Stroked | P | Anginae | P | Heart failuref | P | Peripheral arterial diseaseg | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cornell voltage (per mm) | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | <0.001 | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.042 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.005 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.038 |
| LVH by Cornell voltage | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.30 (1.15–1.47) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.09–1.51) | 0.002 | 1.28 (1.00–1.64) | 0.049 | 1.71 (1.41–2.07) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.01–1.39) | 0.041 | 1.92 (1.63–2.27) | <0.001 | 0.97 (0.71–1.33) | 0.859 |
| Cornell voltage quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| Q2 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.07 (0.97–1.18) | 0.176 | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 0.505 | 0.93 (0.78–1.11) | 0.426 | 1.09 (0.91–1.31) | 0.345 | 1.01 (0.91–1.13) | 0.858 | 0.97 (0.84–1.14) | 0.740 | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) | 0.618 |
| Q3 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 0.074 | 1.13 (1.00–1.29) | 0.049 | 1.10 (0.93–1.32) | 0.271 | 1.25 (1.04–1.50) | 0.018 | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) | 0.487 | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 0.736 | 1.16 (0.94–1.42) | 0.177 |
| Q4 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.28 (1.16–1.41) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.13–1.44) | <0.001 | 1.10 (0.93–1.32) | 0.268 | 1.60 (1.35–1.90) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.03–1.28) | 0.016 | 1.58 (1.38–1.82) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.03–1.55) | 0.025 |
| Cornell voltage 75th percentile | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1.21 (1.13–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.10–1.33) | <0.001 | 1.10 (0.95–1.27) | 0.213 | 1.45 (1.27–1.65) | <0.001 | 1.13 (1.03–1.23) | 0.010 | 1.61 (1.44–1.80) | <0.001 | 1.19 (1.00–1.40) | 0.046 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
Adjusted for baseline variables of:
aTotal = age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, HDL, and triglycerides; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, BMI, glucose, GFR, HDL, and triglycerides; males-age, treatment group, race, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, and triglycerides.
bTotal = age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, LDL, and HDL; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, current or former smoker, SBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, total cholesterol, and HDL; males-age, treatment group, race, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, SBP, DBP, glucose, GFR, and total cholesterol.
cTotal = age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, heart rate, BMI, glucose, GFR, HDL, and total cholesterol; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, BMI, potassium, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides; males-age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, GFR, LDL, and HDL.
dTotal = age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, SBP, BMI, glucose, GFR, LDL, and HDL; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, current or former smoker, SBP, glucose, GFR, and HDL; males - age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, BMI, glucose, GFR, LDL, and HDL.
eTotal = age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, heart rate, DBP, BMI, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of CHD, aspirin use, DBP, BMI, LDL, and triglycerides; males-age, treatment group, race, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, heart rate, BMI, total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides.
fTotal = age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, glucose, GFR, and HDL; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, glucose, and GFR; males-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, glucose, GFR, LDL, and HDL.
gTotal = age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, heart rate, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides; females-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, and HDL; males-age, treatment group, ethnicity, history of diabetes, history of CHD, aspirin use, current or former smoker, SBP, DBP, BMI, potassium, glucose, GFR, HDL, total cholesterol.