Urinary mtDNA copy number is elevated in ObAAEH patients. Urinary copy number of cytochrome-c oxidase-3 (COX3) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 (ND1) in HV, CEH, and ObAAEH patients. *P ≤ 0.05 vs. HV, †P ≤ 0.05 vs. CEH. Abbreviations: CEH, Caucasian essential hypertensive; HV, healthy volunteers; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; ObAAEH, Obese African American essential hypertensive.