Table 1.

Clinical, laboratory, and demographic data of healthy volunteers (HV), Caucasian essential hypertensive (CEH), and Obese African American EH (ObAAEH) patients

Parameter	HV	CEH	ObAAEH
Number of patients	23	23	23
Age (years)	67 (55–76)	67 (54–72)	50 (47–53)*†
Gender (female/male)	12/11	13/10	5/18*†
Body mass index	26.4 (23.4–29.6)	26.4 (23.9–30.6)	31.6 (25.9–37.1)*†
Duration of hypertension (years)	–	17.7 ± 4.0	8.9 ± 2.3
No. of antihypertensive drugs (median)	0	2.9 ± 1.3*	2.4 ± 0.9*
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	115.9 ± 11.4	136.4 ± 18.7*	134.0 ± 18.9*
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	67.9 ± 9.4	71.7 ± 10.6	80.7 ± 13.5
Mean blood pressure (mm Hg)	83.9 ± 9.1	93.3 ± 10.7*	98.4 ± 13.7*
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	167.8 ± 28.6	186.1 ± 30.7	190.8 ± 36.2
Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dl)	94.8 ± 29.7	106.1 ± 23.4	111.7 ± 33.8
Statins (number/percentage)	0	7 (30.4)*	4 (17.39)*
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	1.0 (0.7–1.2)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	0.8 (0.4–1.6)
eGFR-CDK-EPI (ml/min/1.73 m2)	76.5 (66.4–85.0)	85.6 (64.0–94.5)	97.4 (82.6–114.1)*†
Iothalamate GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)	–	79.9 ± 21.1	95.9 ± 26.0†
Filtered sodium (mEq/day × 1,000)	–	11159.9 ± 3077.9	14,675.0 ± 6,032.7†
Urinary sodium (mmol/24 hour)	–	164.8 (106.1–277.7)	173.6 (86.5–516.9)
Fractional excretion of sodium (%)	–	2.9 (0.7–12.4)	2.9 (0.9–2.7)
Total sodium reabsorbed (mEq/day)	–	11128.9 ± 2974.2	13316.4 ± 3685.3†
Urinary protein (mg/dl)‡	63.0 (26.0–112.0)	55.4 (37.8–111.2)	48.0 (30.0–69.0)
Urinary creatinine (mg/dl)	44.1 (9.6–175.1)	36.4 (9.6–155.6)	44.1 (20.6–65.5)
Urinary protein/creatinine ratio	1.3 (0.5–3.7)	1.3 (0.9–3.5)	1.1 (0.7–1.5)

Abbreviations: eGFR-CKD-EPI: estimated glomerular filtration rate-chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration.

*P < 0.05 vs. HV, ^†P < 0.05 vs. CEH; ^‡Determined from 24 hour collection in CEH and ObAAEH.