. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Psychoactive Drugs. 2017 Mar 28;49(2):102–110. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1300360

Table 2.

Treatment for Opioid Use Disorders – Coverage, Prior Authorization, and Continuing Review, by product type, contracting and year

		Product Type								Contracting Arrangement^*

		HMO N		PPO N		POS N		CDP^** N		External N		Internal N
*Number of Products*
	2003	2,209		2,619		2,702		–		5,471		1,147
	2010	2,420		3,004		2,613		390		1,219		7,177
	2014	2,355		2,478		900		1,241		701		6,273

		%	SE	%	SE	%	SE	%	SE	%	SE	%	SE

*Opioid Treatment Programs*
Coverage
	2003	66.6	3.9	57.9^a	3.5	68.3^a	2.4	–	–	67.7^f	2.6	35.9^f	7.6
	2010	80.2^a	2.8	70.7^a	2.3	67.4^a	2.0	0.4^a	0.3	34.9^f	6.7	74.6^f	1.2
	2014	96.4	1.2	97.9	0.6	96.4	2.2	96.7	2.4	98.0	0.9	96.8	1.3
Prior Authorization
	2003	93.5^a	3.5	42.0^a,b	8.8	94.3^b	3.5	–	–	94.0	1.6	57.3	18.7
	2010	72.2^a	2.0	69.7^bc	2.3	77.1^bd	1.7	99.6^acd	0.3	93.2^f	2.4	71.2^f	1.7
	2014	35.9^ab	2.7	36.4^cd	2.4	15.2^ace	3.8	53.1^bde	3.2	78.7^f	8.4	31.8^f	2.1
Continuing Review
	2003	91.5^ab	2.2	54.3^bc	5.6	98.9^ac	0.4	–	–	95.0	1.4	82.2	7.4
	2010	70.2^ab	2.6	70.2^cd	1.9	73.9^ace	1.6	100.0^bde	–	100.0^f	–	68.7^f	1.4
	2014	44.9^a	1.4	45.9^b	2.4	23.4^abc	5.0	50.8^c	3.2	96.4^f	1.4	38.2^f	1.9

*Buprenorphine Pharmacy^**
Coverage
	2003	63.0^a,b	2.5	94.3^b,c	1.6	55.2^a,c	3.0	–	–	64.3^f	1.9	84.5^f	5.2
	2010	100.0	–	100.0	–	100.0	–	100.0	–	100.0	–	100.0	–
Prior Authorization
	2003	8.3	2.4	9.8	1.7	4.7	1.9	–	–	7.3	1.7	12.5	8.5
	2010	31.3^abc	2.1	36.6^ad	3.0	39.6^bd	2.4	99.6^cd	0.3	63.0^f	5.4	34.9^f	2.7

Excludes “comprehensive” products

^**

CDP was not asked in 2003

^***

Buprenorphine pharmacy was not asked in 2014

Significance testing compared categories within a year (row). Pairs with the same superscript within a row and section indicate significant differences at p<.05.