Table 3.
Associations of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Status With Baseline and Change of Cognition, Estimated From Mixed-Effects Models
| Cognitive Factors | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Global Cognition Estimate (SE) | Episodic Memory Estimate (SE) | Working Memory Estimate (SE) | Perceptual Speed Estimate (SE) | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Intercept | −0.013 (0.015) | −0.020 (0.019) | 0.009 (0.019) | −0.033 (0.019) |
| Time | −0.039 (0.006)‡ | −0.007 (0.009) | −0.055 (0.008)‡ | −0.008 (0.009) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Time | 0.008 (0.006) | 0.036 (0.010)‡ | −0.030 (0.009)‡ | 0.044 (0.010)‡ |
| Agea | −0.034 (0.002)‡ | −0.036 (0.002)‡ | −0.024 (0.002)‡ | −0.036 (0.002)‡ |
| Age × Time | −0.006 (0.001)‡ | −0.004 (0.001)† | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.009 (0.001)‡ |
| Model 3 | ||||
| Time | −0.001 (0.013) | 0.044 (0.021)* | −0.049 (0.019)† | 0.006 (0.021) |
| Age | −0.029 (0.002)‡ | −0.031 (0.002)‡ | −0.018 (0.002)‡ | −0.032 (0.002)‡ |
| Age × Time | −0.006 (0.002)‡ | −0.004 (0.001)‡ | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.009 (0.001)‡ |
| Male | 0.080 (0.024)† | −0.027 (0.033) | 0.198 (0.034)‡ | 0.068 (0.031)* |
| Male × Time | −0.005 (0.012) | −0.002 (0.019) | −0.043 (0.017)* | 0.013 (0.019) |
| Education | 0.087 (0.002)‡ | 0.083 (0.003)‡ | 0.093 (0.003)‡ | 0.091 (0.003)‡ |
| Education × Time | −0.004 (0.001)‡ | −0.012 (0.002)‡ | 0.001 (0.002) | −0.002 (0.002) |
| Income | 0.039 (0.011)‡ | 0.037 (0.015)† | 0.030 (0.015)* | 0.057 (0.014)‡ |
| Income × Time | 0.003 (0.005) | −0.006 (0.008) | 0.016 (0.008)* | 0.015 (0.009) |
| Marital status | −0.033 (0.029) | −0.025 (0.040) | −0.010 (0.041) | −0.027 (0.039) |
| Marital status × Time | −0.003 (0.014) | −0.011 (0.023) | −0.028 (0.021) | 0.027 (0.024) |
| Medical conditions | −0.008 (0.008) | −0.012 (0.011) | 0.005 (0.012) | −0.013 (0.011) |
| Medical conditions × Time | 0.006 (0.004) | 0.012 (0.007) | 0.005 (0.006) | 0.001 (0.007) |
Note: aAge was centered at 72.
*p < .05. †p < .01. ‡p < .001.