Figure 4.
IL-2 and IL-10 responses to influenza challenge are lower in CMV+ subjects. Results are shown as the differences in the cytokine response (A, IL-2; B, IL-10; C, IL-6; and D, IFNγ) to ex vivo influenza challenge in older adult PBMC comparing CMV+ (n = 44) to CMV− (n = 26) older adults. Cytokine levels were calculated as pg/mL, and are presented as a log10 transformation. Error bars represent standard error of mean. *p ≤ .05, ANOVA comparing the CMV+ and CMV− subsets across the four time points for IL-2, and at two time points, prevaccination and 20-weeks postvaccination for IL-10.