Table 2.
Study | Design | Population | Study intervention | Results | Limitations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quilici et al. (2013)20 | RCT 1 month |
n = 546
Patients with ACS status post-PCI shown to be aspirin-responsive |
Daily SMS reminders for aspirin adherence vs. control; 1 month after hospital discharge admitted to Antiplatelet Monitoring Unit to compare adherence and platelet function | SMS reminders improved aspirin adherence as reported by patients (OR [95% CI]: 0.37 [0.15–0.90]; P = 0.02) and as shown by platelet testing (OR [95% CI]: 0.43 [0.22–0.86]; P = 0.01) |
|
Vollmer et al. (2014)21 | RCT 1 year |
n = 21 752
Patients with CVD ± type 2 diabetes and suboptimal medication adherence |
Arm 1: Interactive voice recognition phone calls (IVR) Arm 2: IVR-enhanced (IVR+) phone calls, letters, EMR-feedback, mailed materials Control: Usual care |
Both phone interventions significantly increased adherence to statins (IVR+ equal to IVR) and ACEIs/ARBs (IVR+ more than IVR) compared with usual care (1.6–3.7%). |
|
Wald et al. (2014)22 | RCT 6 months |
n = 301
Patients prescribed blood pressure and/or lipid lowering meds |
Automated daily TM for 2 weeks, alternate days for 2 weeks, then weekly with the goal to assess patients' adherence vs. control (no text) | Lower non-adherence rates among TM group 14/150 (9%) vs. control 38/151 (25%) (95% CI: 7–24), P < 0.001. Non-adherence defined as taking <80% of prescribed regimen |
|
Park et al. (2014)23 | RCT 30 days |
n = 90
Patients with ACS status post-PCI at time of discharge |
Arm 1: TM for medication and reminders Arm 2: Educational TM Control: No TM Adherence monitored MEMS for statin and antiplatelet |
TM patients had higher percentage of correct doses taken (P = 0.02), taken on schedule (P = 0.01), percentage number of doses (P = 0.01) |
|
Fang and Li (2015)24 | RCT 6 months |
n = 280
Patients with CAD confirmed by CT or angiography |
Arm 1: SMS Arm 2: SMS + Micro Lettera Control: Phone only |
Intervention groups had higher cumulative adherence; SMS + Micro Letter (OR [95% CI]: 0.069 [0.032–0.151], P=<0.001), SMS only (OR [95% CI]: 0.339 [0.183–0.629]) |
|
Khonsari et al. (2015)25 | RCT 8 weeks |
n = 62
Patients post-hospital discharge following ACS |
Automated SMS-based reminders on medication adherence vs. control (no text) | Medication adherence and heart functional status were higher in SMS group (P < 0.001); control group had 4.09 times greater risk of low adherence (95% CI: 1.82–9.18) |
|
AA-Ag, arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation; ACEI/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin receptor blocker; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; CI, confidence interval; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; EMR, electronic medical record; IVR, interactive voice response calls; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MEMS, Medication Event Monitoring System; NNT, number needed to treat; OR, odds ratio; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMS, short messaging service; TM, text messaging.
aMicro Letter platforms provide users in China with access to news and other information via open-access Kik Messenger-like programs.