Table 1.
Contextual details of included studies
| Author, year | Country | Definition of frailty | n | Mean age (years) | Male gender (%) | Proportion frail (%) | TAVI access route | 30-day mortality (%) | 1-year mortality (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ewe, 201020 | The Netherlands/Italy | Fried criteria based on gait speed, grip strength, weight loss, physical activity, and exhaustion | 147 | 80 | 43 | 32.7 | Femoral 51%, apical 49% | 6.8 | 15.0 |
| Stortecky, 201235 | Switzerland | Frailty index based on geriatric assessment of cognition, nutrition, timed get-up-and-go, ADLs, and disability. Scored 0–7 with ≥3 considered frail | 100 | 84 | 40 | 49 | Femoral 85%, apical 14%, subclavian 1% | 8.0 | 19.0 |
| Rodés-Cabau, 201236 | Canada | Subjective assessment of multidisciplinary team | 339 | 81 | 45 | 25.1 | Femoral 48%, apical 52% | 10.6 | – |
| Kamga, 201319 | Belgium | ISAR score (self-reported functional dependence, recent hospitalization, impaired memory, difficulties with vision and polypharmacy) SHERPA score (age, ADLs, cognitive decline, falls, and self-perceived health) |
30 | 86 | 53 | ISAR: 83.3% moderate or high risk SHERPA: 73.3% moderate or high risk |
Femoral 100% | – | 26.7 |
| Zahn, 201337 | Germany | Presumed subjective assessment (limited detail) | 1318 | 82 | 42 | 17.7 | Femoral 88%, apical 9%, subclavian 2%, aortic 1% | – | 19.9 |
| Puls, 201438 | Germany | Katz index of ADLs (score <6 frail) | 300 | 82 | 34 | 48 | Femoral 47%, apical 53% | 11.3 | 28 |
| Seiffert, 201439 | Germany | Subjective assessment guided by CHSA clinical frailty scale29 score ≥6 | 347a | 81 | 52 | 4.6 | – | – | 24.2 |
| Capodanno, 201440 | Italy | Geriatric status scale based on ADLs, cognition, continence, and mobility. Scored 0–3 with ≥2 labelled frail | 1256b | 82 | 42 | 24.4 | – | 6.1 | – |
| Debonnaire, 201541 | The Netherlands/Italy | Presumed subjective assessment | 511 | 82 | 38 | 19.2 | Femoral 52%, apical 48% | 5.7 | 15.7 |
| Green, 201542 | USA | Frailty score composed of serum albumin, grip strength, gait speed, and ADLs. Scored between 0 and 12 with ≥6 considered frail | 244 | 86 | 52 | 45.1 | Femoral 49%, others presumed apical | 8.6 | 23.5 |
ADLs, activities of daily living.
Observed mortality data refer to the whole study population including frail and non-frail individuals.
aOnly the Bonn subgroup that received frailty assessment considered from this multicentre study.
bOnly the development cohort of this study included. The validation data set does not contain frailty related outcome data.