Table 2. Physician Compliance With Bedside Rounding Handoff Protocol Relative to Patient Outcomes.
| Pre-intervention (n = 327) | Post-intervention (n = 679) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Handoff parameters | |||
| Bedside rounding - yes, (n, %) | 146 (45) | 578 (85) | < 0.001 |
| Written | 193 (59) | 528 (78) | < 0.001 |
| EMR | 245 (75) | 629 (93) | < 0.001 |
| Bedside rounding with providers - yes, (n, %) | |||
| Oncoming provider only | 33 (23) | 26 (4.5) | < 0.001 |
| Outgoing provider only | 20 (14) | 2 (0.4) | < 0.001 |
| Both oncoming and outgoing providers | 91 (62) | 550 (95) | < 0.001 |
| Others* | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 0.106 |
| Patient care outcome measurements | |||
| Total ED LOS (min) - median (IQR) | 472 (323 - 760) | 455 (323 - 643) | 0.092 |
| Provider time (min) - median (IQR) | 297 (197 - 551) | 265 (173 - 438) | < 0.001 |
| Handoff time (min) - median (IQR) | 12.5 (7.5 - 12.5) | 7.5 (7.5 - 12.5) | 0.010 |
| Referral cases - yes (n, %) | 22 (6.7) | 38 (5.6) | 0.478 |
n: number; EMR: electronic medical record; ED: emergency department; LOS: length of stay; min: minutes; IQR: interquartile range. *Others including bedside rounding with nursing staff, residents, or students.