Dendritic lengths of quadriceps motoneurons of sham animals (n = 7) and injured animals that were either untreated (spinal cord injury [SCI]), n = 11, or treated with estradiol (SCI+E), n = 6; SCI+dihydrotestosterone (SCI+DHT), n = 6; or estradiol and dihydrotestosterone combined (SCI+E+DHT), n = 6. Following contusion injury, surviving quadriceps motoneurons lost over 50% of their dendritic length. Treatment with hormones attenuated this dendritic atrophy. Bar heights represent means ± standard error of the mean. *indicates significantly different from sham animals, †indicates significantly different from untreated SCI.