Table 1. Comparison of sociodemographic and clinical data between chronic renal patients on hemodialysis of the control and experimental groups before intervention. Cajazeiras, Guarabira, Patos; Paraíba; Brazil 2016.
| Sociodemographic and clinical variables | Control Group (n=30) | Experimental Group (n=30) | p-value* | |||
| Age in years | Mean 44,3 | SD† (13,9) | Mean 42,1 | SD† (13,4) | 0,534‡ | |
| Gender | n | % | n | % | ||
| Female | 14 | 46,7 | 13 | 43,3 | 0,795§ | |
| Male | 16 | 53,3 | 17 | 56,7 | ||
| Caregiver | n | % | n | % | ||
| Yes | 18 | 60,0 | 16 | 53,3 | 0,397§ | |
| No | 12 | 40,0 | 14 | 46,7 | ||
| Education | n | % | n | % | ||
| Incomplete primary school | 14 | 46,7 | 14 | 46,7 | 0,320§ | |
| Complete primary school | 1 | 3,3 | 5 | 16,7 | ||
| Incomplete secondary school | 4 | 13,3 | 1 | 3,3 | ||
| Complete secondary school | 9 | 30,0 | 8 | 26,6 | ||
| Complete higher education | 1 | 3,3 | 2 | 6,7 | ||
| Postgraduate degree | 1 | 3,3 | 0 | 0,0 | ||
| Marital status | n | % | n | % | ||
| Single | 10 | 33,3 | 12 | 40,0 | 0,960§ | |
| Married | 18 | 60,0 | 16 | 53,3 | ||
| Divorced | 1 | 3,3 | 1 | 3,3 | ||
| Widower | 1 | 3,3 | 1 | 3,3 | ||
| Religion | n | % | n | % | ||
| Does not have | 2 | 6,7 | 1 | 3,3 | 0,709§ | |
| Catholic | 23 | 76,7 | 22 | 73,3 | ||
| Evangelical | 5 | 16,7 | 7 | 23,3 | ||
| Family Income in Minimum Wages|| | Mean | SD* | Mean | SD* | ||
| Less than 1 wage | 1 | 3,3 | 1 | 3,3 | 0,355§ | |
| 1 to 3 wages | 27 | 90,0 | 29 | 96,7 | ||
| More than 3 wages | 2 | 6,7 | 0 | 0,0 | ||
| Pain¶ | n | % | n | % | ||
| No pain | 30 | 100,0 | 28 | 93,3 | 0,150§ | |
| Mild pain | 0 | 0,0 | 2 | 6,7 | ||
| Type of venous access | n | % | n | % | ||
| AVF** | 26 | 86,7 | 26 | 86,7 | 1,000§ | |
| DLC†† | 4 | 13,3 | 4 | 13,3 | ||
| State anxiety | n | % | n | % | ||
| Low | 21 | 70,0 | 14 | 46,7 | 0,128§ | |
| Moderate | 8 | 26,7 | 14 | 46,7 | ||
| High | 1 | 3,3 | 2 | 6,7 | ||
| Vital Parameters | n | % | n | % | ||
| Systolic pressure in mmHg | 147,9 | 25,8 | 152,9 | 28,0 | 0,475‡ | |
| Diastolic pressure in mmHg | 91,9 | 13,9 | 92,1 | 13,5 | 0,948‡ | |
| Average beats per minute | 78,6 | 12,5 | 82,4 | 13,7 | 0,266‡ | |
| Inspiratory breath rate per minute | 17,4 | 1,3 | 18,2 | 1,8 | 0,044‡ | |
*p-value; †Standard deviation; ‡significance test (p-value) for the calculation of the t-test for independent samples; §significance test (p-value) referring to the chi-square calculation; ||minimum wage = $ 880.00 (US $ = 259.45); ¶Analog pain scale; ** Arteriovenous fistula; †† temporary double-lumen catheter.