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. 2018 Mar 8;2018:9867150. doi: 10.1155/2018/9867150

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Copyright © 2018 Xin-Jing Yang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Autophagosome formation in each group. Representative transmission electron microscope images of each group. (a) A: the control group showed the normal jejunum electron microscopy images; B, C, D: electron microscopy images in jejunum endothelium of LPS-induced mice; E, F, G: the electron microscopy images changed in the jejunum epithelial cells when treated with TSS and LPS. (b) Random cells were chosen to determine the number of autophagosomes/cell for each treatment condition. The black arrowheads indicate membrane-bound vacuoles that are characteristic of autophagosomes. LPS: lipopolysaccharide; TSS: tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate. Blank column indicates control group; dot column indicates LPS treatment at all observed time points; diagonal column indicates TSS pretreatment at all observed time points; n = 5 in each group. Each bar presents the mean ± SEM. ΔP < 0.05 versus LPS group.