Table 3.
Changes in accelerometry-derived physical activity and sedentary time variables (12- to 24-months) between HIGH and MODERATE groups in BETA, Alberta, Canada, 2010–2014
| Outcome measure a | 12-months M (SD) |
24-months M (SD) |
LS Mean Change b M (95% CI) |
P value c | LS Group Difference b M (95% CI) |
P value d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total physical activity time (MET-h/d) | ||||||
| HIGH | 26.5 (2.6) | 25.2 (2.5) | −1.29 (− 1.48, − 0.88) | < .001 | − 0.22 (− 0.49, 0.05) | 0.11 |
| MODERATE | 26.2 (2.2) | 25.1 (2.4) | − 1.07 (− 1.26, − 0.88) | < .001 | ||
| Total physical activity time (MET-h/wk) | ||||||
| HIGH | 185.5 (18.2) | 176.4 (17.5) | −9.03 (− 10.36, −6.16) | −1.54 (−3.43, 0.35) | ||
| MODERATE | 183.4 (15.4) | 175.7 (16.8) | −7.49 (−8.82, −6.16) | |||
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity time (h/d) | ||||||
| HIGH | 2.3 (0.8) | 1.9 (0.8) | −0.41 (− 0.50, − 0.31) | < .001 | − 0.05 (− 0.18, 0.09) | 0.50 |
| MODERATE | 2.2 (0.8) | 1.9 (0.8) | − 0.36 (− 0.46, − 0.26) | < .001 | ||
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity time (h/wk) | ||||||
| HIGH | 16.1 (5.6) | 13.3 (5.6) | −2.87 (−3.50, − 2.17) | − 0.35 (− 1.26, 0.63) | ||
| MODERATE | 15.4 (5.6) | 13.3 (5.6) | −2.52 (−3.22, − 1.82) | |||
| Light activity time (h/d) | ||||||
| HIGH | 4.4 (0.9) | 4.2 (0.9) | −0.17 (− 0.28, − 0.06) | 0.002 | 0.02 (− 0.14, 0.17) | 0.82 |
| MODERATE | 4.3 (0.9) | 4.1 (0.9) | −0.19 (− 0.30, − 0.08) | < .001 | ||
| Light activity time (h/wk) | ||||||
| HIGH | 30.8 (6.3) | 29.4 (6.3) | −1.19 (− 1.96, − 0.42) | 0.14 (− 0.98, 1.19) | ||
| MODERATE | 30.1 (6.3) | 28.7 (6.3) | −1.33 (−2.10, − 0.56) | |||
| Sedentary time (h/d) | ||||||
| HIGH | 8.3 (1.4) | 8.8 (1.6) | 0.44 (0.27, 0.60) | < .001 | 0.04 (−0.19, 0.27) | 0.75 |
| MODERATE | 8.5 (1.4) | 8.9 (1.5) | 0.40 (0.23, 0.56) | < .001 | ||
| Sedentary time (h/wk) | ||||||
| HIGH | 58.1 (9.8) | 61.6 (11.2) | 3.08 (1.89, 4.20) | 0.28 (−1.33, 1.89) | ||
| MODERATE | 59.5 (9.8) | 62.3 (10.5) | 2.80 (1.61, 3.92) | |||
CI Confidence interval, d Day, h Hours, LS Least-squares, M Mean, MET Metabolic equivalent of task, SD Standard deviation, wk Week
an = 138 and 134 for the HIGH and MODERATE groups, respectively
bLeast-square group mean of the High and Moderate exercise groups and their within- and between-group differences were estimated from general linear models specified as: physical activity and sedentary time changes from 12- to 24-months = β0 + β1 (intervention group) + β2 (12-month outcome value) + β3 (age) + β4 (study site) + β5 (baseline BMI) + β6 (baseline VO2peak) + β7 (difference in wear time between time-points)
cP value for the test of significance for the null hypothesis that the LS mean difference across time equals 0
dP value for the test of significance for the null hypothesis that the LS mean difference between the two intervention groups equals 0