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. 2018 Feb 28;12:49. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00049

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Copyright © 2018 Wadhwa, Chauhan, Roy, Sahu, Deep, Jain, Kishore, Ray, Thakur and Panjwani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Assessment of the anxious behavior following caffeine/modafinil treatment during sleep deprivation (SD). (A) Track plot of the rats during elevated plus maze (EPM) test and the study parameters: (B) proportion of the number of entries in the open arms; (C) proportion of the time spent in the open arms. (D) Track plot of the rats during open field (OF) test; (E) total distance traveled in the OF. *p < 0.05 when compared to control treated with vehicle; ^φp < 0.05 when compared to sleep deprived treated with vehicle. Two way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test with multiple comparison was used.