Table 3.

Odds ratios of severe hypertension by quartiles of biomarkers level

	Quartiles
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4
SCH models ( n = 195)
Apelin
Model I	1	0.95 (0.42–2.15)	1.86 (0.86–4.03)	1.39 (0.65–3.05)
Model II	1	0.97 (0.39–2.49)	1.45 (0.60–3.52)	1.55 (0.64–3.73)
8-Isoprostane
Model I	1	2.26 (0.95–5.40)	1.87 (0.76–4.60)	0.63 (0.26–1.61)
Model II	1	2.29 (0.74–7.12)	2.59 (0.79–8.49)	0.74 (0.22–2.45)
Visfatin
Model I	1	1.56 (0.64–3.80)	1.54 (0.63–3.77)	2.64 (1.05–6.64)
Model II	1	1.36 (0.49–3.80)	1.28 (0.46–3.59)	2.70 (0.93–7.85)
SRH models ( n = 125)
Apelin
Model I	1	2.28 (0.66–7.90)	0.64 (0.11–3.72)	0.59 (0.10–3.44)
Model II	1	1.56 (0.36–6.71)	0.67 (0.10–4.35)	0.43 (0.06–4.35)
8-Isoprostane
Model I	1	4.78 (0.67–29.77)	8.54 (1.25–58.51)	1.56 (0.18–13.34)
Model II	1	5.63 (0.59–53.42)	6.71 (0.69–65.49)	0.65 (0.05–8.26)
Visfatin
Model I	1	0.26 (0.02–3.05)	1.36 (0.25–7.45)	5.62 (1.10–28.61)
Model II	1	0.39 (0.02–7.23)	2.52 (0.32–20.00)	10.25 (1.38–76.29)
SH models ( n = 211)
Apelin
Model I	1	1.20 (0.52–2.79)	1.72 (0.73–4.02)	1.22 (0.52–2.93)
Model II	1	1.19 (0.47–3.04)	1.56 (0.68–4.04)	0.95 (0.35–2.55)
8-Isoprostane
Model I	1	2.38 (1.13–4.99)	2.14 (0.99–4.64)	0.65 (0.29–1.47)
Model II	1	3.20 (1.38–7.42)	3.80 (1.54–9.42)	0.96 (0.37–2.46)
Visfatin
Model I	1	1.46 (0.61–3.49)	1.59 (0.67–3.73)	3.23 (1.34–7.78)
Model II	1	1.01 (0.37–2.79)	1.28 (0.49–3.34)	2.80 (1.02–7.02)

Model I: adjusted for age and sex; Model II: adjusted for Model I, and additionally for albumin-to-creatinine ratio, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking status.

Abbreviations: SCH, participants with severe controlled hypertension; SH, severe hypertension; SRH, participants with severe resistant hypertension.