Table 5. Correlations between the UCLA-3 total score and important demographic, clinical, and positive psychological variables.
| Measure | Correlation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Schizophrenia (95% Confidence Interval) |
Non-Psychiatric (95% Confidence Interval) |
Wilcox-Muska test | |
| Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics | |||
| Age | -.07 | .24* | -.56—-.05* |
| Age at Illness Onset | -.19* | – | – |
| Gender | -.03 | -.01 | – |
| Education (Years) | -.09 | -.08 | -.29—.22 |
| Marital Status | -.01 | -.08 | -.22—.34 |
| Social Position (HISP) | .19* (0.0—.39) | .23* (.07—.39) | – |
| Highest Position (HISP | .14 (-.04—.33) | .18 (-.02—.34) | – |
| Longest Position (HISP) | .12 (-.08—.29) | .20* (.04—.37) | – |
| Personal Income | -.01 (-.21—.18) | -.33** (-.5—-.16) | – |
| Family Income | -.25* (-.5—-.1) | -.18 (-.38—.03) | – |
| Antipsychotic Medication (DDD) | .06 | – | – |
| Severity of psychopathology, cognition, and well-being | |||
| Positive Symptoms (SAPS Total) | .32*** | – | – |
| Negative Symptoms (SANS Total) | .06 | – | – |
| Depression (CDSS Total) | .46*** | .42*** | -.22—.30 |
| Anxiety (BSIAS Total) | .39*** | .36** | -.25—.34 |
| Executive Function Composite | .11 | -.10 | -.06—.46 |
| Physical Well-Being (SF-36) | -.13 | -.31** | -.18—.47 |
| Mental Well-Being (SF-36) | -.40*** | -.45*** | -.21—.32 |
| Positive psychological characteristics | |||
| Happiness (CES-D Happiness Total) | -.41*** | -.61*** | -.03—.39 |
| Resilience (CDR Total) | -.36** | -.54*** | -.06—.41 |
| Optimism (LOT-R Total) | -.31** | -.57*** | .02—.52* |
| Perceived Stress (PSS Total) | .42*** | .57*** | -.40—.11 |
| Satisfaction with Life (SWLS Total) | -.24* | -.61*** | .12—.62* |
Note.
* < .05;
** < .01;
*** < .001;
DDD = Defined Daily Dose; SAPS = Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms; SANS = Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms; CDSS = Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia; BSIAS = Brief Symptom Inventory, Anxiety Scale; SF-36 = 36-item Short Form Health Survey; CES-D Happiness = Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression; CDR = Connor-Davidson Resilience; LOT-R = Life Orientation Test—Revised; PSS = Perceived Stress Scale; SWLS = Satisfaction with Life Scale