Table 1.
Descriptive information concerning the two groups of children who performed the fMRI experiment
| Assessment | Measure | Discovery sample (n = 44; 18 female) |
Confirmation sample (n = 32; 14 female) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Range | Mean | SD | Range | ||
| — | Age | 9.3 | 0.6 | 7.8–11.3 | 9.4 | 1.1 | 7.5–11.3 |
| WJ-III Letter Word ID–raw score | Single word reading | 43.0 | 9.0 | 31–61 | 46.8 | 12.1 | 23–69 |
| WJ-III Letter Word ID–standard score | Single word reading | 95.5 | 13.9 | 67–124 | 103.1 | 14.9 | 76–133 |
| WASI Full-Scale IQ-2a | Intelligence | 99.6 | 15.8 | 80–140 | 110.8 | 14.6 | 76–138 |
| CTOPP phonological awareness–composite scoreb | Phonological awareness | 85.5 | 13.4 | 65–112 | 104.4 | 15.2 | 67–145 |
| PPVT–standard scorec | Receptive vocabulary | 103.3 | 16.9 | 73–135 | 114.9 | 12.5 | 84–135 |
WJ-III = Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement; WASI = Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence; CTOPP = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing; PPVT, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. For the discovery sample, the following versions were used: WASI-II, CTOPP-2, and PPVT-4. For the confirmation sample, the following versions were used: WASI-I, CTOPP, and PPVT-III.
aFull-Scale IQ-4 was measured instead of Full-Scale IQ-2 for one participant in the discovery sample. Furthermore, Full-Scale IQ-2 is missing from one participant in the confirmation sample.
bCTOPP scores are missing from two participants in the confirmation sample.
cPPVT scores are missing from one participant in the discovery sample and one participant in the confirmation sample.