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. 2018 Jan 5;25(4):747–764. doi: 10.1038/s41418-017-0015-1

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© ADMC Associazione Differenziamento e Morte Cellulare 2018

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Fig. 5 — a–c Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed chromosomes X, Y, and 18 in round spermatids generated from human SSCs by the 3D-I system (a), round spermatids from OA patients (b), and human SSCs of OA patients (c). Scale bars in a–c = 10 μm. d FISH showed the percentages of normal chromosomes in round spermatids from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids from OA patients, and human SSCs from OA patients. The data shown in a–d were presented from at least three independent experiments. e Multiplex real-time PCR displayed the expression of all eight specific STS markers from AZFa, AZFb and AZFc regions, including ZFX/ZFY, SRY, SY254, SY127, SY86, SY134, SY84, and SY255, in the round spermatids from human SSCs by 3D-I group (1st panel) and round spermatids of OA patients (2nd panel). DNA from normal human blood served as a positive control (3rd panel), and water substituting for DNA was used as a negative control (4th panel). The results shown in e were presented from three independent experiments