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. 2018 Jan 5;25(4):747–764. doi: 10.1038/s41418-017-0015-1

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© ADMC Associazione Differenziamento e Morte Cellulare 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon this article or a part thereof, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Hierarchical clustering analysis showed the global gene expression profiles of round spermatids derived from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids of OA patients, and human SSCs and human Sertoli cells of OA patients. b Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed the similarities of large scale of gene expression among round spermatids derived from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids of OA patients, and human SSCs and human Sertoli cells of OA patients. c Scatter plot revealed global gene levels in human SSCs-derived spermatids and round spermatids from OA patients. d Hierarchical clustering analysis of bisulfite sequencing showed the similarities in the DNA methylation of round spermatids derived from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids of OA patients, pachytene spermatocytes, and human SSCs of OA patients. e Bisulfite sequencing analysis revealed the similarities of DNA methylation among round spermatids derived from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids of OA patients, and human SSCs and pachytene spermatocytes of OA patients. f, g Bisulfite sequencing illustrated the DNA methylation of imprinted genes, namely H19 and PEG10, among round spermatids derived from human SSCs by 3D-I system, round spermatids of OA patients, pachytene spermatocytes of OA patients, and human SSCs of OA patients. The results shown in a–g were presented from at least two independent experiments