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. 2018 Mar 23;8:5105. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23269-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Treatment with cynaropicrin inhibits M2 macrophage polarisation. YM1 levels in BALF (A and B) of healthy mice (n = 8), vehicle-treated HDM-exposed mice (n = 16) and HDM-exposed mice treated with cynaropicrin (n = 8) during (left) and after (right) induction of allergic lung inflammation. The number of YM1 + Mac3 + macrophages (C and D) in lungs of healthy mice (n = 8), vehicle-treated HDM-exposed mice (n = 16) and HDM-exposed mice treated with cynaropicrin (n = 8) during (left) and after (right) induction of allergic lung inflammation. Representative pictures of the YM1 + Mac3 + double staining are shown in the bottom. Nuclear counter staining was not used to maximize visibility of double-positive cells (magnification 200x). Inserts are close up magnifications (magnification 400x) of double-positive cells. Significance was tested using a one-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s multiple comparisons test comparing healthy vs. HDM + vehicle and HDM + vehicle vs. HDM + cynaropicrin.