Table 2.

Studies investigating the use of mechanical ventilation in patients experiencing AE-IPF and major outcomes

Study	Time frame	N	MV	AE-IPF	NIV	Ventilator setting	ICU mortality	Hospital mortality
Molina-Molina et al. [106]	1986–2002	14	14	NR	NR	NR	NR	85% (11/13)
Nava and Rubini [37]	1998	7	7	NR	0	VT 8.3 ml/kg	86% (6/7)	NR
Stern et al. [107]	1991–1999	23	23	16	NR	VT 8–13 ml/kg	96% (22/23)	96% (22/23)
Blivet et al. [108]	1989–1998	15	15	6	5	NR	73% (11/15)	87% (13/15)
Saydain et al. [109]	1995–2000	38	19	15	7	NR	68% (13/19)	61% (23/38)
Fumeaux et al. [110]	1996–2001	14a	14	NR	11	VT 7–9 ml/kg	100% (14/14)	100% (14/14)
Al-Hameed and Sharma [80]	1998–2000	25	25	25	3	PEEP 7 cmH2O	84% (21/25)	96% (24/25)
Kim et al. [4]	1990–2003	10	9	9	NR	NR	78% (7/9)	78% (7/9)
Pitsiou et al. [30]	2001–2005	12	12	NR	NR	NR	100 (12/12)	100% (12/12)
Rangappa and Moran [112]	1996–2006	24	19	8	NR	NR	67% (16/24)	92% (22/24)
Fernandez-Pèrez et al. [113]	2002–2006	30	30	NR	NR	VT 7–8 ml/kg	NR	60% (18/30)
Mollica et al. [114]	2000–2007	34	34	22	19	VT 7.5 ml/kg or PS/PEEP 18/7 cmH2O	100% IMV, 73% NIV	85% (29/34)
Yokoama et al. [85]	1998–2004	11	11	11	11	CPAP 10 cmH2O, PS/PEEP 5/10 cmH2O	NR	56% (6/11) (3 months)
Gungor et al. [115]	2000–2007	96	96	NR	28	VT 6-8 ml/kg, PEEP 5–7 cmH2O	64% (61/96)	NR
Vianello et al. [116]	2005–2013	18	18	6	18	PEEP 5–8 cmH2O	56% (10/18)	NR
Gaudry et al. [117]	2002–2009	22	22	NR	0	VT 5.9 ml/kg, PEEP 7.1 cmH2O	67% (17/22)	NR
Aliberti et al. [41]	2004–2009	60	60	24	60	CPAP 8 cmH2O, PS/PEEP 5/15	NR	35% (21/60)
Total		453	428	142	162

AE-IPF acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, MV mechanical ventilation, NIV noninvasive mechanical ventilation, ICU intensive care unit, NR not reported, V_T tidal volume, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, PS pressure support, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure

^aThree non-IPF