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. 2018 Jan 11;103(4):707–716. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2017.167486

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Figure 4. — Adhesion to stroma and 3D architecture confer drug resistance to multiple myeloma (MM) cells. (A) Bortezomib (BTZ)-induced apoptosis in MM1.S (left), RPMI.8226 (middle) and U266 (right) in 2D versus 3D experiments, evaluated as percentage (%) of CD38⁺annexinV (AnnV)⁺ by flow cytometric (FACS) analysis. (B) MM1.S death induced by melphalan (Melph). MM cells were either alone or co-cultured with HS-5 cells. Data are mean±Standard Error of Mean (SEM) of three independent experiments. (C) Comparison between 2D/3D BTZ-induced apoptosis of MM1.S co-cultured with L-VCAM. Data are mean±SEM of three independent experiments. (D) The blocking effect of natalizumab (nat) on BTZ-induced apoptosis on MM1.S co-cultured with L-VCAM is shown. Results are representative of two independent experiments. (E) Dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in MM1.S cells in the presence/absence of IL-6 (10 ng/mL) was evaluated as percentage (%) of CD38⁺ AnnV⁺ by flow cytometric analysis in 2D (left) and in 3D (right) conditions. Results are expressed as mean±Standard Deviation of three independent experiments. *P≤0.05; **P≤0.01; ***P≤0.001. WT: wild-type non transfected counterpart; NT: not treated.