Table I.
Summary statistics of demographics and clinical characteristics
| Variable | Overall (N = 51,001) | No CHS (n = 50,907) | CHS (n = 94) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 70.2 ± 9.4 | 70.2 ± 9.4 | 71.9 ± 11.2 | .081 |
| Female gender | 39.6 | 39.6 | 48.9 | .066 |
| White race | 93.1 | 93.1 | 97.9 | .615 |
| Transfer status | 5.2 | 5.1 | 11.2 | .009 |
| Diabetes | 34.7 | 34.7 | 38.3 | .465 |
| BMI | 28.3 ± 5.6 | 28.3 ± 5.6 | 29.0 ± 5.8 | .316 |
| CHF | 9.8 | 9.8 | 11.2 | .662 |
| Hypertension | 88.7 | 88.7 | 94.4 | .091 |
| CAD | 28.6 | 28.6 | 40.4 | .014 |
| Smoking | – | – | – | .299 |
| Former | 47.6 | 47.6 | 40.9 | – |
| Current | 28.6 | 28.6 | 29.0 | – |
| Renal function | – | – | – | .956 |
| Cr <1.8 mg/dL | 92.9 | 92.9 | 92.1 | – |
| Cr ≥1.8 mg/dL | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.7 | – |
| Dialysis | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | – |
| COPD | 21.8 | 21.8 | 25.8 | .355 |
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 51.1 | 51.1 | 55.2 | .662 |
| Beta blocker | 62.3 | 62.3 | 73.0 | .037 |
| Statin | 78.9 | 78.9 | 82.0 | .803 |
| Aspirin | 82.9 | 82.9 | 82.0 | .936 |
| Anticoagulant | 6.4 | 6.4 | 9.0 | .329 |
ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CHS, cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cr, creatinine.
P value represents the comparison of continuous and categorical variables by CHS status.
Categorical variables are presented as %. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation.