Table 5.
Univariable Analyses: Glasgow Coma Scale score* and Association to Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Findings and Some Other Clinical Variables
| Variable | Location | OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| MRI findings (any sequence) | Thalamus | ||
| - Bilateral | 35.8 (10.5–121.8) | <0.001 | |
| - Unilateral | 3.9 (1.6–9.5) | 0.003 | |
| Basal ganglia | |||
| - Bilateral | 13.1 (2.0–88.2) | 0.008 | |
| - Unilateral | 2.8 (1.3–6.1) | 0.008 | |
| Brainstem (TAI grade 3)a | |||
| - Bilateral | 11.4 (4.0–32.2) | <0.001 | |
| - Unilateral | 2.7 (1.3–5.4) | 0.005 | |
| Corpus callosum (TAI grade 2)a | 4.9 (2.1–11.5) | <0.001 | |
| Hemispheric white matter (TAI grade 1)a | 1.4 (0.6–3.2) | 0.446 | |
| CT findings | Compressed or absent basal cisternsb | 1.7 (0.8–3.6) | 0.190 |
| Rotterdam CT score | 1.8 (1.3–2.6) | 0.001 | |
| Other | BAC (mmol/L)c | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.288 |
| Injury Severity Score | 1.11 (1.08–1.14) | <0.001 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; TAI, traumatic axonal injury; CT, computed tomography; BAC, blood alcohol concentration.
*
Glasgow Coma Scale score is inverted for these analyses.
a
Irrespective of TAI lesions in thalamus or basal ganglia.
b
19 patients had compressed basal cisterns, four patients had absent basal cisterns.
c
126 of the patients were tested for blood alcohol content at admission.