Figure 4.

Western blotting of protein expression levels in HM cells. (A) CL significantly increases the levels of HMGB1, TLR4, RAGE, NF-κB p65 and iNOS in HM cells. (B) Overexpression of HMGB1 this increased further, and inhibition of HMGB1 by siRNA blocked the function of CL to HM cells. HMGB1, high-mobility group box-1; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; EP, refractory epilepsy group; TLR4, toll-like receptor 4; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; p-phosphorylated; siRNA, small interfering RNA; NC, negative control; CL, cariaria lactone.