Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ophthalmology. 2017 Dec 2;125(4):569–577. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.10.033

Figure 4. Kalman Filter Forecasts of How Changes in Intraocular Pressure of Different Magnitudes Affect Changes in Mean Deviation Over Time for Fast and Slow Progressing Patients.

Figure 4

MD = mean deviation; IOP = intraocular pressure; mmHg = millimeter of mercury; dB = decibels; Avg = average.

Prediction period 0 corresponds to 2.5 years after enrollment in the trials. The lines and the bounds around each line represent the mean and the 95% confidence interval around it, respectively. The mean starting MD (i.e., MD in prediction period 0) for fast and slow-progressors are −12.2 dB and −6.8 dB, respectively. Both groups have equal mean IOPs of 17.5 mmHg in prediction period 0. The figure shows forecasts of what would happen to MD over the next 5 years for fast and slow-progressors (using the KF and KS models, respectively) if their IOPs remained unchanged, increased 3, 6, or 9 mmHg or decreased 3, 6, 9, or 12 mmHg from the level measured at prediction period 0. For all levels of change in IOP, fast-progressors will have statistically significant lower MD after 5 years (P < 0.0001).