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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2018 Feb 1;113:341–349. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.01.006

Table 2.

Weighted distributions of SG-corrected urinary phenols and parabens and thyroid hormones by study visit of sample collection in pregnancy (N = 439 subjects). Median gestational weeks: Visit 1: 10, Visit 2: 18, Visit 3: 26, Visit 4: 35.

All Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4
% LOD (LOD) GM (GSD) GM (GSD) GM (GSD) GM (GSD) GM (GSD)
Urinary Biomarkers (μg/L)
2,4-DCP 15.7 (0.2) 0.89 (3.51) 0.95 (3.85) 0.93 (3.50)* 0.81 (3.52)* 0.88 (3.14)*
2,5-DCP 3.1 (0.2) 5.11 (6.42) 5.35 (7.08) 5.63 (6.63) 4.69 (6.46)* 4.77 (5.47)*
BP-3 0.1 (0.4) 55.82 (8.48) 52.62 (8.16) 61.66 (8.11) 51.62 (8.76) 57.94 (9.02)
BPB 29.3 (0.2) 1.19 (7.14) 1.21 (7.53) 1.29 (6.71) 1.18 (7.39) 1.09 (6.96)
EPB 38.1 (1) 3.56 (5.82) 3.73 (6.20) 3.92 (6.05) 3.45 (5.67)* 3.15 (5.33)*
MPB 0.1 (1) 169.64 (4.31) 152.43 (4.14) 208.05 (4.07) 161.80 (4.55) 161.49 (4.45)
PPB 1 (0.2) 37.35 (5.71) 33.90 (5.67) 50.85 (5.04)* 34.36 (5.82) 32.63 (6.23)
TCS 17.4 (2) 16.63 (6.65) 16.82 (6.98) 17.44 (6.20) 14.91 (6.49) 17.35 (6.95)
TCB 85.9 (2) <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD
BPS 73.8 (0.4) <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD
Thyroid Hormones
FT4 (ng/dL) 98.2 (0.1) 1.10 (1.52) 1.37 (1.48) 1.08 (1.49)* 0.99 (1.50)* 0.96 (1.45)*
TSH (μIU/mL) 99.5 (0.01) 1.13 (2.12) 0.77 (2.75) 1.29 (1.92)* 1.27 (1.68)* 1.31 (1.71)*
T3 (ng/mL) 100 (0.1) 1.56 (1.30) 1.35 (1.31) 1.61 (1.27)* 1.65 (1.27)* 1.66 (1.29)*
T4 (μg/dL) 100 (0.3) 10.22 (1.21) 9.98 (1.22) 10.61 (1.18)* 10.29 (1.20)* 10.01 (1.23)
T3/T4 ratio - 0.15 (1.27) 0.14 (1.21) 0.15 (1.24)* 0.16 (1.27)* 0.17 (1.29)*

GM: Geometric mean

GSD: Geometric standard deviation

*

Significant difference (p<0.05) in urinary biomarker metabolite or thyroid hormone compared to reference (visit 1) using linear mixed models with a random intercept