Table 1.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Enrolled Infants

	Deaths (n = 18)	Survivors (n = 52)	p-value a,b	Bacteremia (n = 10)	Non-Bacteremia (n = 30)	p-value a,b	Combined Outcome (n = 25)	Control (n = 73)	p-value a,b
Demographic characteristics
Age, median in days [IQR]	16.5 [9, 24]	17 [10, 27]	0.552	11 [4, 24]	10.5 [3, 16]	0.951	16 [8, 24]	14 [7, 27]	0.482
Weight, median in kg [IQR]	2.1 [1.9, 3.0]	2.4 [2.0, 2.8]	0.059	2.7 [2.5, 3.1]	2.7 [2.3, 3.0]	0.455	2.5 [2.0, 3.0]	2.5 [2.2, 3.0]	0.294
Male, % (#)	67 (12)	58 (30)	< 0.001	90 (9)	55 (16)	< 0.001	72 (18)	59 (43)	< 0.001
Birth characteristics
Born in hospital, % (#)	22(4)	31 (16)	0.715	20 (2)	37 (11)	0.648	24 (6)	34 (25)	0.451
Delivery by Caesarian section, % (#)	6 (1)	16 (9)	0.169	0 (0)	7 (2)	0.039	4 (1)	13 (9)	0.014
Clinical findings at admission
Temperature, ° C [IQR]	36.7 [36.2, 37.8]	37.6 [36.7, 37.8]	0.062	37.5 [37.1, 38.6]	37.7 [37.3, 38.2]	0.435	37.2 [36.4, 37.8]	37.7 [36.9, 38.1]	0.147
Lethargy, % (#)	38.9 (7)	18.0 (9)	0.824	20.0 (2)	13.3 (4)	0.388	32 (8)	15 (11)	0.345
Respiratory rate, breaths per minute [IQR]	66 [42,75]	57 [48.5, 69.5]	0.729	64.5 [56, 78]	62 [53, 66]	0.476	66 [52, 75]	61 [49, 68]	0.481
Antibiotics prior to blood culture, % (#)	50 (9)	38 (20)	0.215	40 (4)	50 (15)	0.078	40 (10)	45 (33)	0.013

Ang-1 angiopoietin-1, Ang-2 angiopoietin-2, Ang2:1 ratio of Ang-2 to Ang-1, sICAM soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sVCAM soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1, IQR inter-quartile range

^aTest for differences between groups not reported for variables that were used to match cases and controls (age and weight)

^bContinuous variables compared using bivariate conditional logistic regression. Binary variables compared using exact McNemar’s test

Comparisons with p-values less than or equal to 0.05 marked in bold