. 2018 Mar 23;17:44. doi: 10.1186/s12933-018-0688-x

Table 1.

Patient demographics

	T1DM			T2DM
	T1DM (n = 20)	Control to T1DM (n = 10)	P	T2DM (n = 20)	Control to T2DM (n = 10)	P
Age	35 ± 8	35 ± 9	0.99	52 ± 11	51 ± 13	0.8
Male (%)	13 (65)	6 (60)	0.74	16 (80)	7 (70)	0.66
Waist circumference (cm)	89 ± 13	84 ± 7	0.25	103 ± 10	91 ± 9	0.005
BMI (kg/m²)	25.7 ± 3.2	24.7 ± 3.4	0.44	29.3 ± 3.4	24.7 ± 2.9	0.001
BSA (m²)	1.9 ± 0.2	1.9 ± 0.2	0.8	2.1 ± 0.2	2.0 ± 0.2	0.25
HbA1c mmol/mol (%)	65 ± 16 (8.1 ± 3.9)	33 ± 2 (5.1 ± 0.2)	< 0.0001	57 ± 12 (7.4 ± 1.1)	36 ± 3 (5.4 ± 0.2)	< 0.0001
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)	89 ± 4	88 ± 5	0.54	78 ± 17	87 ± 6	0.15
Urine ACR (mg/mmol)	1.4 ± 2.4	2.7 ± 4	0.30	9.7 ± 18.1	0.8 ± 0.6	0.13
Complications (%)	10 (50)			10 (50)
Microalbuminuria (%)	3 (15)	0 (0)		8 (40)	0 (0)
Retinopathy (%)	10 (50)	0 (0)		5 (25)	0 (0)
Neuropathy (%)	2 (10)			1 (5)
Diabetes duration (years)	19 ± 10			12 ± 7
Diabetes therapy
Insulin (%)	20 (100)			11 (55)
Metformin (%)	0 (0)			19 (95)
Sulfonylurea (%)	0 (0)			5 (25)
GLP1/DPP4-I	0 (0)			7 (35)
SGLT2-I	0 (0)			2 (10)
ACE-I/ARB	4 (20)			11 (55)
Statin	3 (15)	1 (10)	1.0	14 (70)	2 (20)	0.019
24 h average BP
Systolic (mmHg)	121 ± 10	116 ± 11	0.21	130 ± 10	127 ± 12	0.53
Diastolic (mmHg)	74 ± 4	72 ± 6	0.33	79 ± 6	82 ± 9	0.27
Hypertension (%)	3 (15)	0 (0)	0.23	10 (50)	1 (10)	0.049
Smoker	0 (0)	0 (0)		3 (15)	0 (0)	0.06
MET hours	34.1 ± 30.5	40.2 ± 51.8	0.69	10.5 ± 12.1	27.8 ± 30.0	0.031
Cardiopulmonary test
Maximum power (W)	236 ± 100	258 ± 89	0.57	158 ± 46	230 ± 49	< 0.0001
Power (% predicted)	120 ± 33	122 ± 26	0.87	85 ± 18	115 ± 19	< 0.0001
Maximum HR (bpm)	170 ± 15	179 ± 13	0.13	154 ± 21	165 ± 15	0.17
HR (% predicted)	92 ± 7	97 ± 5	0.07	92 ± 11	98 ± 8	0.15
$\dot{V} O_{2}$ (ml/min)	2886 ± 877	3238 ± 867	0.31	2341 ± 601	2959 ± 521	0.01
$\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak (ml/min/kg)	38 ± 9	43 ± 13	0.20	26 ± 6	38 ± 8	< 0.0001
$\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak (% predicted)	99 ± 20	112 ± 31	0.16	88 ± 18	126 ± 33	< 0.0001
$\dot{V} E / \dot{V} {CO}_{2}$	23 ± 3	22 ± 4	0.43	26 ± 3	23 ± 4	0.06
RER	1.23 ± 0.10	1.29 ± 0.11	0.17	1.20 ± 0.09	1.23 ± 0.08	0.44

Statistically significant differences are highlighted in italic

BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR albumin-creatinine ratio, GLP1 glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, DPP4-I dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, SGLT2-I sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, ACE-I angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker, BP blood pressure, MET metabolic equivalent, HR heart rate, $\dot{V} O_{2}$ volume of oxygen, $\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak peak oxygen consumption, $\dot{V} E / \dot{V} {CO}_{2}$ minute ventilation/volume of carbon dioxide, RER respiratory exchange ratio