Table 2.
Resting echocardiography measurements
| T1DM | T2DM | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1DM (n = 20) | Control to T1DM (n = 10) | P | T2DM (n = 20) | Control to T2DM (n = 10) | P | |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 78 ± 8 | 83 ± 13 | 0.19 | 78 ± 9 | 68 ± 18 | 0.07 |
| RWT | 0.38 ± 0.07 | 0.35 ± 0.06 | 0.35 | 0.44 ± 0.07 | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.002 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 50 ± 13 | 56 ± 19 | 0.28 | 42 ± 10 | 54 ± 13 | 0.008 |
| LVEF (%) | 60 ± 4 | 60 ± 5 | 0.93 | 59 ± 6 | 59 ± 5 | 0.91 |
| LVs’ (cm/s) | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 0.11 | 5.8 ± 1.2 | 5.7 ± 1.0 | 0.76 |
| LV GLS (%) | − 18.9 ± 2.4 | − 19.9 ± 2.0 | 0.29 | − 18.1 ± 2.1 | − 19.8 ± 2.4 | 0.055 |
| LV strain rate | − 1.1 ± 0.2 | − 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.45 | − 1.1 ± 0.2 | − 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.93 |
| LAVI (ml/m2) | 34 ± 11 | 41 ± 10 | 0.13 | 33 ± 6 | 39 ± 7 | 0.03 |
| RVs’ (cm/s) | 10.5 ± 1.7 | 11.1 ± 1.5 | 0.33 | 10.0 ± 1.7 | 10.3 ± 1.2 | 0.56 |
| RVFAC (%) | 49 ± 5 | 46 ± 7 | 0.32 | 42 ± 4 | 45 ± 6 | 0.18 |
| RV GLS (%) | − 29.2 ± 5.8 | − 27.0 ± 4.3 | 0.31 | − 24.9 ± 4.6 | − 20.4 ± 13.4 | 0.19 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 24 ± 5 | 26 ± 4 | 0.45 | 29 ± 6 | 27 ± 4 | 0.33 |
| E (m/s) | 0.81 ± 0.16 | 0.77 ± 0.19 | 0.50 | 0.72 ± 0.13 | 0.66 ± 0.24 | 0.38 |
| A (m/s) | 0.49 ± 0.18 | 0.46 ± 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.66 ± 0.15 | 0.45 ± 0.11 | 0.001 |
| E/A | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 0.77 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 0.046 |
| DT (ms) | 189 ± 22 | 192 ± 25 | 0.70 | 199 ± 28 | 200 ± 21 | 0.95 |
| e’sep (cm/s) | 9.2 ± 1.8 | 9.3 ± 1.8 | 0.85 | 5.8 ± 1.6 | 6.9 ± 2.0 | 0.13 |
| E/e’sep (rest) | 9 ± 3 | 9 ± 3 | 0.60 | 13 ± 4 | 10 ± 2 | 0.02 |
| E/e’sep (peak) | 9 ± 2 | 8 ± 4 | 0.37 | 11 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 | 0.16 |
Statistically significant differences are highlighted in italic
LVMI left ventricular mass index, RWT relative wall thickness, LVEDVI left ventricular end diastolic volume index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVs’ LV tissue Doppler septal peak systolic velocity, LV GLS left ventricular global longitudinal strain, LAVI left atrial volume index, RVs’ RV tissue Doppler free wall peak systolic velocity, RVFAC right ventricular fractional area change, RV GLS RV global longitudinal strain, PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure, E early mitral inflow velocity, A late mitral inflow velocity, DT deceleration time, e’sep tissue Doppler septal mitral annular early diastolic velocity, E/e’sep ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to tissue Doppler septal mitral annular early diastolic velocity