Fig. 5.
Evaluation of galactosides for treatment of UTI and relevance in humans. (A and B) Bacterial titers in bladders (A) or kidneys (B) from C3H/HeN mice experiencing chronic cystitis transurethrally inoculated with 10% DMSO (three replicates, n = 13), or 50 mg/kg of 4Z269 (three replicates, n = 13), of 29β-NAc (three replicates, n = 14), or of both 4Z269 and 29β-NAc (two replicates, n = 9). Bars indicate median values. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; ns, not significant; two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis of FmlHLD WT, FmlHLD K132Q, or FmlHLD WT in the presence of 29β-NAc binding to human bladder or human kidney tissue. Green corresponds to FmlH, red corresponds to Wheat Germ Agglutinin, and blue corresponds to DAPI. Each image is representative of nine total images (three imaged areas of three tissue slices). (Scale bars: 100 μm.)