Table 1.
Results of full text abstraction after systematic review. For specific barriers and facilitators reported, please see Table 2.
| Author(s) Year |
Study Population (n) |
Age Range (mean; +/−) |
Design (JAMA Quality Rating) |
Recommendations | Adherence Tracking |
Adherence Findings | Barriers/ Facilitators Identified? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leiter & Windsor 1996 | Dysphagia, varied etiologies (n=8) | 69–80 (72) | Case-Series (4) | Swallowing Recommendations (Posturing, bolus size, swallow + cough, alternating food/liquid) | Observation | 36% Average Adherence | Yes |
| Low et al 2001 | Dysphagia, varied etiologies (n=140) | 55–94 (77.4 & 79)a | Retrospective Cohort (3) | Swallowing Recommendations (modified foods/liquids, techniques) | Self-Report | 67% Adherent w/swallow recs 84% Adherent w/liquid recs |
Yes |
| Starmer et al 2011 | HNC (n=118) | <60 years | Retrospective Cohort (3) | Participation in SLP Therapy (before, during, after HNC tx) | Records Reviewed | 80% Adherence (multidisciplinary) 17% Adherence (outside referral) |
No |
| Shinn et al 2013 | HNC (n=19) | 31–79 (57) | Prospective Cohort (4) | Exercise | Documented by SLP | 32% Partially Adherent 13% Fully Adherent |
Yes |
| Hutcheson et al 2013 | HNC (n=497) | 38–80 (56) | Retrospective Observational (3) | Exercise | Self-Report | 32% Partially Adherent 26% Fully Adherent |
No |
| Duarte et al 2013 | HNC (n=85) | 22–91 (60) | Case-Series (4) | Exercise | Self-Report | 67% Adherent | No |
| Shim, Oh, & Han 2013 | Dysphagia, varied etiologies (n=62) | (64.1) | Retrospective Chart Review (3) | Thickeners | Self-Report | 57% Adherence (90% of Inpatients 41% of Outpatients) Adherent)3 |
Yes |
| Cnossen et al 2014 | HNC (n=33, 64% participated in exercise program) | 21–77 (60) | Case-Series (4) | Exercise | Self-Report | 42% Low Adherence 30% Moderate Adherence 27% High Adherence |
Yes |
| Cnossen et al 2016 | HNC (n=50) | 40–77 (61) | Prospective Cohort Study (2) | Exercise | Self-Report (diary) | 70% Adherence at 6-weeks 38% Adherence at 12 weeks |
No |
| Krisciunas et al 2016 | HNC (n=153) | 61.9 (+/− 9.6) | Randomized Control Trial (1) | Exercise + Electrical Stimulation | Self-Report (checklist) | 54% Adherent | No |
| Wall et al 2016 | HNC (n=71) | 59.50 (+/− 6.15) | Randomized Control Trial (1) | Exercise (prophylactic) | Self-Report (log-books), SwallowIT, Clinician tracked | 27% Average Adherence | Yes |
| Hajdu et al 2017 | HNC (n=6) | 42–67 (57) | Pilot Study (4) | Exercise | Self-Report (logbook, weekly phone calls) | 92% Average Adherence | No |
a
This study reported means for two groups, the first number (77.4) represents average age of surviving subjects, the second number represents average age of subjects who died. +/− Represents standard deviation for the mean age that was reported in two studies