Table 4. Adjusted Mean Levels and Regression Coefficients for Adiposity Measures in 12-19 Year Olds According to Tobacco Smoke Exposure, NHANES 1999-2012.

Adiposity Variable	Weighted LS Mean ± Weighted SE	β Coefficient (SE)	P Value^a
BMIZ (n = 10,751)
Unexposed^b	0.43 ± 0.03	(Ref)
Passively Exposed	0.65 ± 0.03	0.22 (0.03)	<.001
Actively Exposed	0.57 ± 0.05	0.13 (0.04)	.002
WC (cm) (n = 10,714)
Unexposed	79.67 ± 0.42	(Ref)
Passively Exposed	82.17 ± 0.42	2.51 (0.40)	<.001
Actively Exposed	81.53 ± 0.56	1.87 (0.54)	<.001
WHtR (n = 10,712)
Unexposed	0.48 ± 0.002	(Ref)
Passively Exposed	0.50 ± 0.002	0.017 (0.002)	<.001
Actively Exposed	0.49 ± 0.003	0.013 (0.003)	<.001

Abbreviations: LS mean, least square mean; SE, standard error; BMIZ, body mass index z-score; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.

Analyses are adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic, or other race), household income level (< $20,000/y, $20,000-$44,999/y, $45,000-$74,999/y, ≥ $75,000/y), dietary intake (continuous; gram weight of food, energy, total fat, total saturated fatty acids, total monounsaturated fatty acids, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, sodium, and alcohol), and physical activity level (none/light, moderate, or vigorous).

Unexposed is defined as serum cotinine < 0.05 ng/mL; passively exposed is defined as serum cotinine 0.05-2.99 ng/mL; and actively exposed is defined as serum cotinine ≥ 3 ng/mL.