. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Metab Brain Dis. 2017 Dec 5;33(2):523–535. doi: 10.1007/s11011-017-0162-6

Table 3.

Regression of regional brain volumes at age 7 years with HIV infection status.

Brain region	Volume (mm³)^a		Regression controlling for sex			Regression controlling for sex and total intracranial volume

	HIV+	Uninfected	Effect size (standard error)	p	FDR Adjusted p-value	Effect size (standard error)	p	FDR Adjusted p-value
Total intracranial volume	1427991 (104991)	1477778 (130776)	19199 (22288)	0.02^*	0.09^†	-	-	-
Global gray matter	713353 (52485)	731931 (63920)	24521 (14204)	0.07^†	0.14	18518 (12489)	0.01^*	0.04^*
Global white matter	380733 (41701)	401041 (52381)	19685 (10213)	0.01^*	0.09^†	14388 (8229)	<0.001^*	0.01^*
Corpus callosum	3349 (450)	3462 (470))	76(89)	0.21	0.27	56 (86)	0.16	0.20
L caudate	3701 (501)	3807 (458)	98 (100)	0.26	0.30	50 (84)	0.19	0.22
R caudate	3868 (499)	3992 (451)	121 (104)	0.18	0.27	71 (87)	0.11	0.15
L hippocampus¹	3443 (321)	3583 (362)	114 (89)	0.03^*	0.11	97 (87)	0.02^*	0.05^*
R hippocampus²	3554 (358)	3696 (391)	184 (89)	0.05^*	0.14	159 (85)	0.03^*	0.06^†
L putamen	5006 (526)	5205 (612)	371 (133)	0.06^†	0.14	324 (123)	0.03^*	0.06^†
R putamen	5069 (538)	5313 (585)	360 (120)	0.02^*	0.09^†	326 (114)	0.01^*	0.04^*
L thalamus	7205 (647)	7365 (694)	-12 (125)	0.19	0.27	-81 (97)	0.09^†	0.14
R thalamus	7151 (672)	7349 (731)	76 (134)	0.11	0.19	9 (110)	0.05^*	0.08^†
L lateral ventricle	6214 (2320)	6517 (2754)	-49 (498)	0.54	0.58	-291 (415)	0.51	0.54
R lateral ventricle	5731 (1937)	5870 (2458)	-127 (441)	0.75	0.75	-357 (354)	0.72	0.72

Values are Mean (Standard deviation)

^1,2

Left and right hippocampus each had an extreme outlier, which was removed before analysis (N=101).

p ≤ 0.05 (denoted in bold)

^†

p < 0.1