Table 3.

Mutation frequency determination of TALEN‐mediated lignin reduction lines under field conditions

Line	Mutation frequency (%)a	AcBr Lignin content (mg/g DW)b	Lignin reduction (%)	S/G molar ratioc
WT	0.0	241.8 ± 1.3	–	0.91
TC3	0.0	241.2 ± 4.2	0.2	0.89
CB3	70.0	200.6 ± 2.6*	17.0	n.a.
CB4	51.4	209.4 ± 5.3*	13.4	n.a.
CB5	69.9	215.5 ± 4.5*	10.9	0.80*
CB6	92.5	194.6 ± 6.1*	19.5	0.63*
CB7	68.1	194.1 ± 2.0*	19.7	0.71*
CB8	71.7	197.7 ± 5.9*	18.2	n.a.
CA4	80.0	198.9 ± 5.8*	17.7	n.a.
CA17	89.3	195.9 ± 4.3*	19.0	0.47*
B401	n.a.	219.0 ± 6.3*	9.4	n.a.

WT, wild‐type sugarcane; TC3, direct embryogenesis‐derived transgenic control with no mutation; CB3‐CB8, transgenic lines derived from biolistic transformation; CA4‐CA17, transgenic lines derived from Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation; B401, COMT RNAi line; DW, dry weight; n.a., not analyzed.

Values with asterisk in the same column indicate significant difference compared to WT (n = 3, P < 0.05) as determined by t‐test.

^aMutation frequency estimated by relative fluorescent quantitation based on capillary electrophoresis electropherogram. Mutation frequency (%) = (Sum of peak height of all mutant peaks over sum of peak height of all peaks including wild‐type peak) × 100.

^bAcetyl Bromide (AcBr) method was used to determine total lignin content.

^cRatio of monolignol compositions of S (syringyl) and G (guaiacyl) subunits and expressed as mg/g DW.