Table 2.
Pairwise Correlations (with Bonferroni Correction for Multiple Comparisons)
| GP Visits | Specialist Visits | Hospitalization (Ref.: No) | Negative Affect | Positive Affect | Life Satisfaction | Self‐Efficacy | Loneliness | Flexible Goal Adjustment | Self‐Esteem | Optimism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GP visits | 1 | ||||||||||
| Specialist visits | 0.374*** | 1 | |||||||||
| Hospitalization (Ref.: No) | 0.248*** | 0.254*** | 1 | ||||||||
| Negative affect | 0.0919*** | 0.154*** | 0.0603*** | 1 | |||||||
| Positive affect | −0.150*** | −0.0853*** | −0.0923*** | −0.270*** | 1 | ||||||
| Life satisfaction | −0.113*** | −0.125*** | −0.0681*** | −0.400*** | 0.451*** | 1 | |||||
| Self‐efficacy | −0.0931*** | −0.0852*** | −0.0680*** | −0.364*** | 0.607*** | 0.571*** | 1 | ||||
| Loneliness | 0.0246 | 0.0354 | 0.0107 | 0.412*** | −0.373*** | −0.457*** | −0.407*** | 1 | |||
| Flexible goal adjustment | −0.0369 | −0.0456** | −0.0183 | −0.207*** | 0.345*** | 0.322*** | 0.458*** | −0.231*** | 1 | ||
| Self‐esteem | −0.0978*** | −0.0817*** | −0.0787*** | −0.529*** | 0.555*** | 0.520*** | 0.659*** | −0.511*** | 0.299*** | 1 | |
| Optimism | −0.173*** | −0.163*** | −0.108*** | −0.360*** | 0.507*** | 0.610*** | 0.607*** | −0.401*** | 0.345*** | 0.549*** | 1 |
| Observations | 7,116 |
Negative affect (PANAS, Watson, Clark, and Tellegen 1988b); positive affect (PANAS, Watson, Clark, and Tellegen 1988b); life satisfaction (SWLS, Pavot and Diener 1993); self‐efficacy (Snyder et al. 1991); loneliness (Gierveld and Van Tilburg 2006); flexible goal adjustment (Flex, Brandtstädter and Renner 1990); self‐esteem (Rosenberg 1965; Ferring and Filipp 1996); optimism (Brandtstädter and Wentura 1994).
***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, +p < 0.10.