Table 2.
Placebo | Antioxidants | Time | Antiox | Antiox × Time | FIO2 | FIO2 × Time | Antiox × FIO2 × Time | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypoxia | Normoxia | Hypoxia | Normoxia | |||||||
Pre PCr | 16.5 ± 1.5 | 16.0 ± 2.8 | 18.2 ± 2.3 | 17.8 ± 2.3 | <0.001 | 0.12 | 0.78 | 0.49 | 0.75 | 0.97 |
Post PCr | 6.0 ± 3.3a | 5.0 ± 2.2a | 6.8 ± 3.1a | 6.0 ± 2.9a | ||||||
Post 30 min PCr | 18.8 ± 4.0 | 18.4 ± 1.9 | 19.3 ± 2.0 | 19.6 ± 2.3 | ||||||
Pre Cr | 11.9 ± 1.5 | 12.4 ± 2.8 | 10.2 ± 2.3 | 10.6 ± 2.3 | <0.001 | 0.12 | 0.78 | 0.49 | 0.75 | 0.97 |
Post Cr | 22.4 ± 3.3a | 23.5 ± 2.2a | 21.6 ± 3.1a | 22.4 ± 2.9a | ||||||
Post 30 min Cr | 9.6 ± 4.0 | 10.1 ± 1.9 | 9.1 ± 2.0 | 8.8 ± 2.3 | ||||||
Pre ATP | 4.8 ± 1.0 | 5.1 ± 1.9 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.6 | <0.001 | 0.41 | 0.009 | 0.9 | 0.016 | 0.37 |
Post ATP | 3.2 ± 1.6a | 2.4 ± 0.8a | 3.1 ± 0.8a | 3.5 ± 1.4a | ||||||
Post 30 min ATP | 4.6 ± 2.0 | 3.5 ± 1.4 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 4.8 ± 1.1 | ||||||
Pre ADP | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | <0.001 | 0.4 | 0.85 | 0.074 | 0.76 | 0.047 |
Post ADP | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.8a | ||||||
Post 30 min ADP | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | ||||||
Pre ATP/ADP | 13.6 ± 3.2 | 13.3 ± 5.6 | 18.3 ± 6.3 | 17.3 ± 6.8 | <0.001 | 0.28 | 0.52 | 0.33 | 0.64 | 0.49 |
Post ATP/ADP | 5.9 ± 3.8a | 4.5 ± 2.5a | 7.9 ± 2.9ab | 6.0 ± 4.3a | ||||||
Post 30 min ATP/ADP | 27.2 ± 25.2 | 18.3 ± 5.3 | 21.8 ± 7.9 | 22.8 ± 8.0 | ||||||
Pre G1P | 0.04 ± 0.05 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.07 | 0.001 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.901 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
Post G1P | 0.25 ± 0.30a | 0.11 ± 0.10a | 0.34 ± 0.21a | 0.38 ± 0.32a | ||||||
Post 30 min G1P | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.15 ± 0.16 | 0.10 ± 0.13 | 0.11 ± 0.12 | ||||||
Pre G6P | 0.50 ± 0.33 | 0.47 ± 0.38 | 0.46 ± 0.31 | 0.32 ± 0.37 | <0.001 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.787 | 0.01 | 0.08 |
Post G6P | 4.40 ± 3.21a | 5.38 ± 1.97a | 10.34 ± 6.98a | 5.88 ± 4.77a | ||||||
Post 30 min G6P | 1.21 ± 1.60 | 2.96 ± 6.37 | 1.44 ± 1.92 | 4.39 ± 5.29 | ||||||
Pre F6P | 0.08 ± 0.06 | 0.05 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.07 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 0.005 | 0.06 | 0.2 | 0.098 | 0.34 | 0.96 |
Post F6P | 0.24 ± 0.30 | 0.36 ± 0.32a | 0.50 ± 0.41a | 0.59 ± 0.42a | ||||||
Post 30min F6P | 0.09 ± 0.11 | 0.22 ± 0.55 | 0.24 ± 0.32 | 0.59 ± 0.40 | ||||||
Pre Pyr | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
Post Pyr | 0.23 ± 0.07a | 0.26 ± 0.13a | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 0.27 ± 0.09a | ||||||
Post 30 min Pyr | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.16 ± 0.10a | 0.10 ± 0.09 | 0.13 ± 0.10 | ||||||
Pre Lac | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.6 ± 2.0 | 3.1 ± 2.0 | 2.4 ± 2.2 | <0.001 | 0.06 | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.26 |
Post Lac | 55.4 ± 20.1a,b,c | 38.2 ± 12.3a | 38.3 ± 10.6a,c | 34.1 ± 14.9a | ||||||
Post 30 min Lac | 3.7 ± 2.9 | 5.0 ± 3.2 | 7.3 ± 8.8 | 8.9 ± 4.9a | ||||||
Pre NAD+/NADH+ × 10−7 | 897 ± 667 | 405 ± 250 | 339 ± 262 | 501 ± 363 | <0.001 | 0.03 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.3 | 0.018 |
Post NAD+/NADH+ × 10−7 | 43 ± 21a | 60 ± 22a | 42 ± 16a,b,c | 85 ± 51a,d | ||||||
Post 30 min NAD+/NADH+ × 10−7 | 256 ± 232a | 350 ± 313 | 348 ± 421 | 153 ± 120a |
Values are means ± SD. Concentrations are reported in mmol.kg−1 muscle wet weight.
P < 0.05 Compared with Pre sprint.
P < 0.05 compared with normoxia placebo at the same time point.
P < 0.05 compared with normoxia antioxidants at the same time point.
P < 0.05 compared with hypoxia placebo at the same time point. Pre, Pre sprint; Post, Post sprint; Post 30 min, 30 min into the recovery period; Antiox, antioxidants; Lac, lactate; Pyr, Pyruvate. n = 9.