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. 2018 Mar 19;12:5. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2018.00005

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Copyright © 2018 Stocker, Bochow, Damrau, Mathejczyk, Wolfenberg, Colomb, Weber, Ramesh, Duch, Biserova, Sigrist and Pflüger.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Innervation of locust (Schistocerca gregaria) pleuroaxillary muscle M85. (A) Neurobiotin-Streptavidine-Fluorochrome (green) labeled anterograde fill of the motor nerve (N4D4) of M85 and anti-octopaminergic labeled varicosities (magenta). Z-dimension of image stack 100 μm, scale bar 10 μm. (B) Individual octopaminergic boutons (magenta) lie very close to motor neuron terminals (green); the distance between both structures is less than 300 nm. Single optical slice of 1 μm width, scale bar 2 μm. (C) Schematic illustration of the typical arrangement of neuromodulatory octopaminergic varicosities (magenta) and the motor fiber terminals (light green). Scale bar 5 μm.