Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects according to tertiles of circulating chemerin levels.
| N | Total | 1st tertile | 2nd tertile | 3rd tertile | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 612 | 46.2 ± 10.0 | 44.6 ± 9.7 | 46.1 ± 9.7 | 48.7 ± 9.7 | 1.9 × 10−4 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 612 | 85.2 ± 9.6 | 82.2 ± 9.2 | 85.3 ± 8.8 | 88.5 ± 9.4 | 2.1 × 10−10 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 612 | 24.3 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 3.3 | 24.1 ± 3.2 | 25.6 ± 3.4 | 4.1 × 10−10 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 612 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 0.643 |
| Current smokers (%) | 612 | 19.3 | 15.5 | 18.7 | 25.8 | 0.012 |
| Obesity (%) | 612 | 39.5 | 28 | 33.7 | 58.8 | 4.1 × 10−10 |
| Hypertension (%) | 612 | 19.4 | 12.4 | 15.5 | 30.4 | 1.1 × 10−5 |
| Insulin resistance (%) | 612 | 24.8 | 16.1 | 23.3 | 36.1 | 2.6 × 10−5 |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 612 | 18.5 | 11.9 | 14 | 31.4 | 5.6 × 10−7 |
| Systolic BP∗ (mmHg) | 546 | 113.1 ± 16.1 | 109.3 ± 14.8 | 113.8 ± 16.2 | 117.5 ± 16.1 | 9.0 × 10−6 |
| Diastolic BP∗ (mmHg) | 546 | 75.0 ± 10.0 | 73.4 ± 9.6 | 75.2 ± 8.9 | 77.0 ± 10.7 | 3.6 × 10−3 |
| Mean BP∗ (mmHg) | 546 | 87.7 ± 11.2 | 85.3 ± 10.6 | 88.1 ± 10.7 | 90.5 ± 11.4 | 8.6× 10−5 |
| Total cholesterol# (mg/dL) | 603 | 198.8 ± 36.4 | 194.9 ± 34.9 | 200.4 ± 39.6 | 202.5 ± 34.3 | 0.097 |
| HDL-C# (mg/dL) | 603 | 53.0 (45.0–65.0) | 55.0 (46.0–67.0) | 54.0 (47.0–63.8) | 49.0 (43.0–59.0) | 0.002 |
| LDL-C# (mg/dL) | 603 | 116.1 ± 32.9 | 113.3 ± 31.7 | 118.2 ± 36.0 | 117.6 ± 30.7 | 0.309 |
| Triglyceride# (mg/dL) | 603 | 115.0 (76.0–165.8) | 92.5 (62.3–142.0) | 106.5 (80.3–157.0) | 143.0 (104.0–197.0) | 7.8 × 10−10 |
| Fasting plasma glucose∗∗ (mg/dL) | 601 | 92.0 (88.0–98.0) | 92.0 (87.8–97.3) | 93.0 (88.0–99.0) | 94.0 (88.0–99.0) | 0.513 |
| Fasting serum insulin∗∗ (μU/mL) | 601 | 8.0 (6.1–10.9) | 6.8 (5.5–9.2) | 7.8 (6.0–10.9) | 9.6 (7.3–12.7) | 1.4 × 10−12 |
| HOMA-IR index∗∗ | 601 | 1.9 (1.4–2.6) | 1.6 (1.2–2.2) | 1.8 (1.4–2.5) | 2.3 (1.7–2.9) | 5.8 × 10−10 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 511 | 0.99 ± 0.46 | 0.95 ± 0.18 | 0.96 ± 0.19 | 1.07 ± 0.76 | 0.03 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.86 m2) | 511 | 83.2 ± 14.2 | 83.2 ± 14.2 | 82.1 ± 12.9 | 76.7 ± 16.0 | 9.6 × 10−5 |
| Chemerin (ng/mL) | 580 | 125.8 (101.0–148.0) | 93.4 (82.5–101.0) | 125.5 (116.7–132.6) | 164.3 (147.6–185.8) | 1.8 × 10−167 |
Data are presented as means ± SD, percentage, or median (interquartile range) as appropriate. BP: blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR index: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. ∗546 were analyzed with the exclusion of subjects using antihypertensive drugs. #603 were analyzed with the exclusion of subjects using lipid-lowering agents. ∗∗601 were analyzed with the exclusion of subjects using hypoglycemic agent.