Table 1.

List of patents surveyed for multi-phase scaffolds

Patent (Year)	Inventor	Features	Intended Application
Issued, EP 1270025 B1 (2006)	Brown et al. (23)	Lyophilized bilayered polymer-ceramic scaffold	Osteochondral tissue
Issued, US 7968111 B2 WO2002070030 A1 (2012)	Parvesio et al. (24)	Composite bilayered hyaluronic acid-ceramic scaffolds	Osteochondral tissue
Issued US5607474, WO1993015694 A1 (1993)	Athanasiou et al. (25)	Bilayered polymeric scaffold bonded by pressure curing	Soft tissue/bone interface
Application US20060036331, WO2005089127 A2 (2006)	Ateshian et al. (26)	Multilayered polymeric scaffold with hydrogel and composite polymer-ceramic component	Osteochondral tissue
Issued, EP 1858562 B1 US20090232875 (2009)	Tampieri et al. (27)	Multilayer collagen scaffolds	Osteochondral tissue
Issued, US 8613943 B2 US20120015003 (2013)	Gleeson et al. (28)	Multilayer collagen scaffolds fabricated using iterative freeze drying procedure	Osteochondral tissue
Issued US 8753391 B2 (2014)	Lu et al. (29)	Multiphase scaffold with graft collar and interference screw apparatus	Ligament/tendon-bone interface
Issued, US 8486143 B2 US 8758437 B2 (2014)	Laurencin et al. (30)	Multiphase braided scaffold for ligament replacement	Ligament-bone interface