Fig. 3. (a) Fluorescence images of JC-1 stained HeLa cells. Ru(ii) complex (5 μM) loaded HeLa cells were treated by light irradiation (400–800 nm, 50 mW cm–2, 15 min). Cells were viewed in the red channel for J-aggregates (λex = 515 nm, λem = 580–640 nm) and the green channel for JC-1 monomers (λex = 515 nm, λem = 530–560 nm). J-A and J-M stand for the J-aggregates and J-monomers. (b) Time-dependent confocal fluorescence images of annexin V-FITC/PI stained cells at 4.5 h after light irradiation, the cells were incubated with Ru(ii) complexes (5 μM) under normoxia. (c and d) Flow cytometric assay of cell death under normoxia. The images share the same scale bar of 50 μm.
