Figure 2.

Effect of inhibition of TGase on growth curve and surface of C. albicans yeast cells. A and B, yeast cells were grown at different concentrations of cystamine (0, 50, 100, and 200 mm) for up to 24 h in rich medium. Additional amounts of cystamine similar to concentrations used at the beginning of the experiment were added to each culture at 6 h (B). Arrows, addition of fresh cystamine. C, in the presence of cystamine, some cells displayed visible fibrillar structures on the surface as visualized by SEM. Moreover, an alteration in division patterns was observed with low frequency (near 2.0% at 50 and 100 mm cystamine; 8.4% at 200 mm cystamine). Remarkably, most cells grown at 200 mm cystamine showed variable numbers of protuberances of different sizes, ranging on average 100 nm in diameter. Arrows, alterations in division patterns. Arrowheads, protuberances. Statistical analysis, unpaired t test: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001. Bars are shown with standard error of mean.