Table 3. Mean differences of cognitive scales after 1 year of follow-up between control and intervention group and stratified by nutritional status.
| CONTROL (n = 44) |
INTERVENTION (n = 34) |
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONTROL AND INTERVENTION (95% CI) |
p1 | p2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pfeiffer |
+0.41 (1.48) |
+0.09 (1.44) |
+0.32 (-0.34 to +0.99) |
0.341 |
0.541 |
|
| At risk of undernutrition | +0.42 (1.56) | +0.39 (1.47) | +0.03 (-0.80 to +0.86) | 0.936 | 0.774 | |
| Well-nourished | +0.36 (1.29) | -0.55 (1.21) | +0.91 (-0.20 to +2.02) | 0.104 | 0.140 | |
| MEC total | -1.18 (3.55) | -0.82 (3.69) | -0.36 (-2.00 to +1.28) | 0.665 | 0.867 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -1.33 (3.63) | -1.52 (3.76)* | +0.19 (-1.82 to +2.19) | 0.851 | 0.669 | |
| Well-nourished | -0.72 (3.41) | +0.63 (3.20) | -1.36 (-4.31 to +1.58) | 0.345 | 0.465 | |
| MEC Orientation | -0.39 (1.65) | 0.00 (1.30) | -0.39 (-1.07 to +0.30) | 0.265 | 0.272 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.42 (1.78) | -0.13 (1.32) | -0.29 (-1.17 to +0.59) | 0.506 | 0.542 | |
| Well-nourished | -0.27 (1.19) | +0.27 (1.27) | -0.55 (-1.64 to +0.55) | 0.312 | 0.282 | |
| MEC Fixation | -0.02 (0.15) | -0.21 (1.04) | +0.18 (-0.13 to +0.50) | 0.251 | 0.406 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.03 (0.17) | -0.30 (1.26) | +0.27 (-0.17 to +0.72) | 0.221 | 0.348 | |
| Well-nourished | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | |
| MEC Concentration | -0.23 (1.55) | -0.53 (1.81)* | +0.30 (-0.46 to +1.06) | 0.431 | 0.297 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.36 (1.27 | -0.74 (1.76)* | +0.38 (-0.44 to +1.19) | 0.358 | 0.210 | |
| Well-nourished | +0.18 (2.22 | -0.09 (1.92) | +0.27 (-1.58 to +2.12) | 0.762 | 0.534 | |
| MEC Memory | -0.11 (0.92) | +0.27 (1.02) | -0.38 (-0.82 to +0.06) | 0.090 | 0.075 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.03 (0.88) | +0.04 (0.88) | -0.07 (-0.55 to +0.41) | 0.759 | 0.587 | |
| Well-nourished | -0.36 (1.03) | +0.73 (1.19) | -1.09 (-2.08 to -0.10) | 0.032 | 0.026 | |
| MEC Language | -6.32 (1.62)*** | -6.11 (1.81)*** | -0.20 (-0.98 to +0.58) | 0.608 | 0.442 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -6.24 (1.77)*** | -6.04 (1.82)*** | -0.20 (-1.17 to +0.78) | 0.684 | 0.417 | |
| Well-nourished | -6.54 (1.12)** | -6.27 (1.84)** | -0.27 (-1.63 to +1.09) | 0.681 | 0.837 | |
| GDS | +0.16 (0.78) | +0.12 (0.64) | +0.04 (-0.29 to +0.37) | 0.802 | 0.995 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | +0.15 (0.79) | +0.22 (0.73) | -0.07 (-0.49 to +0.35) | 0.754 | 0.476 | |
| Well-nourished | +0.18 (0.75) | -0.09 (0.30) | +0.27 (-1.63 to +1.09) | 0.277 | 0.247 | |
| Verbal fluency | -0.37 (3.69) | -0.32 (2.46) | -0.05 (-1.51 to +1.42) | 0.948 | 0.822 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.81 (3.44) | -0.61 (2.14) | -0.20 (-1.84 to +1.43) | 0.803 | 0.993 | |
| Well-nourished | +0.91 (4.23) | +0.27 (3.04) | +0.64 (-2.64 to +3.91) | 0.689 | 0.947 | |
| Clock Test | +0.02 (2.57) | -0.65 (1.95) | +0.67 (-0.38 to +1.72) | 0.210 | 0.144 | |
| At risk of undernutrition | -0.27 (1.96) | -1.04 (2.03)* | +0.77 (-0.31 to +1.85) | 0.159 | 0.162 | |
| Well-nourished | +0.91 (3.85) | +0.18 (1.54) | +0.73 (-1.89 to +3.34) | 0.567 | 0.265 | |
Values are presented as means (SD)
1: p values were calculated using Unpaired t test to assess differences between groups
2: p values were calculated using U Mann-Whitney test to assess differences between groups
*** p <0.001 for differences between baseline and 1-yr follow-up in each group using Wilcoxon test
** p <0.01 for differences between baseline and 1-yr follow-up in each group using Wilcoxon test
*p <0.05 for differences between baseline and 1-yr follow-up in each group using Wilcoxon test