Table 1.

Characteristics of opioid prescriptions, patients, providers and sites from the 7 months prior to PDMP compared to the 7-months after PDMP introduction

			Pre-PDMP Feb 2016–Aug 2016	Post-PDMP Sept 2016–Mar 2017	Absolute Change	Percent Change
Common Prescriptions	Opioid formulation	acetaminophen 325mg-hydrocodone 5mg	15,845	10,625	−5,220	−32.94
		acetaminophen 325mg-oxycodone 5mg	9,391	6,341	−3,050	−32.48
		oxycodone 5mg	6,523	4,524	−1,999	−30.65
		tramadol 50mg	5,140	3,884	−1,256	−24.44
Patient	Age	Q1: 18–30y	9,479	6,068	−3,411	−35.98
		Q2: 31–42y	9,523	6,009	−3,514	−36.90
		Q3: 43–56y	9,545	6,381	−3,164	−33.15
		Q4: 56–113y	9,405	6,871	−2,534	−26.94
	Sex	Female	21,736	14,395	−7,341	−33.77
		Male	16,214	10,932	−5,282	−32.58
	Pain	NPS T1: 1–7	12,758	8,454	−4,304	−33.74
		NPS T2: 8–9	14,162	9,186	−4,976	−35.14
		NPS T3: 10	11,032	7,689	−3,343	−30.30
Diagnosis Category		Dental pain	3,302	2,102	−1,200	−36.34
		Abdominal pain	4,614	3,106	−1,508	−32.68
		Headache	3,855	2,460	−1,395	−36.19
		Urolithiasis	2,306	2,047	−259	−11.23
		Low back pain	3,193	2,238	−955	−29.91
		Extremity fracture	2,958	2,272	−686	−23.19
Provider	Type	Midlevel (PA/NP)	11,918	8,482	−3,436	−28.83
		MD/DO	26,034	16,847	−9,187	−35.29
Site	Training	EM residents	16,228	10,223	−6,005	−37.00
		No EM residents	21,724	15,106	−6,618	−30.46
	Location	Central metro	25,337	16,751	−8,586	−33.89
		Non-central metro	15,056	10,361	−4,695	−31.18
		Rural	2,699	2,101	−598	−22.16