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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2017 Dec 15;19(4):372–381. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.11.014

Table 4.

Multilevel models predicting daily pain intensity from mean and within-person variation in symptoms

Unadjusted Analysis Adjusted Analysis

β SE df t p β SE df t p
Fixed Effects
Level 2 (Between-Subjects)
  Mn Pain Unpleasantness .90 .02 245 45.95 <.001 .87 .03 255 32.71 <.001
  Mn Fatigue .60 .04 256 14.12 <.001 .08 .03 257 2.86 <.01
  Mn Depressed Mood .38 .04 256 8.58 <.001 .02 .03 277 .62 .54
  Mn Anxiety .33 .05 256 7.34 <.001 −.06 .03 278 −2.15 .03
Level 1 (Within-Subjects)
  Time −.16 .06 109 −2.86 <.01 −.06 .02 44 −2.83 <.01
  C_Pain Unpleasantness .77 .01 214 53.40 <.001 .73 .02 236 47.69 <.001
  C_Fatigue .39 .02 215 18.00 <.001 .05 .01 201 4.06 <.001
  C_Depressed Mood .40 .03 151 14.39 <.001 .05 .01 96 4.53 <.001
  C_Anxiety .27 .03 159 9.89 <.001 .00 .01 87 .05 .96
  Time × C_Pain Unpleasantness −.00 .00 3856 −3.12 <.01 −.00 .00 3411 −1.57 .12
  Time × C_Fatigue −.00 .00 3492 −1.34 .18 −.00 .00 2574 −.72 .48
  Time × C_Depressed Mood −.00 .00 2186 −2.20 .03 −.00 .00 156 −.70 .49
  Time × C_Anxiety −.00 .00 1205 −1.29 .20 .00 .00 42 .98 .33
β SE Z p β SE Z p


Random Effects
  Residual 37.95 .95 40.06 <.001
  Intercept Variance 372.08 33.34 11.16 <.001
  Slope Variance .03 .01 2.31 .02
  C_Pain Unpleasantness .03 .00 6.68 <.001 .03 .00 6.39 <.001
  C_Fatigue .06 .01 6.44 <.001 .02 .00 4.84 <.001
  C_Depressed Mood .09 .02 5.39 <.001 .00 .00 1.49 .14
  C_Anxiety .08 .02 5.45 <.001 .00 .00 .61 .54

Note: Mn=Mean; C=Centered.