TABLE 7.
Changes in cognitive and physical function during treatment
| Treatment groupa | Group differenceb | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | RAPA | |||||||||
| Pre | Post | P value | Difference (95%CI) | Pre | Post | P value | Difference (95%CI) | P value | Difference (95%CI) | |
| Cognitive testsc | (n=13) | (n=10) | ||||||||
| EXIT | 6.54 ± 3.73 | 6.92 ± 4.23 | 0.71 | 0.38 [−1.84, 2.61] | 7.3 ± 4.92 | 7.2 ± 4.52 | 0.95 | −0.1 [−3.31, 3.11] | 0.78 | 0.48 [−3.2, 4.17] |
| SLUMS | 24.92 ± 3.23 | 24.54 ± 3.04 | 0.62 | −0.38 [−2.03, 1.26] | 24.3 ± 6.25 | 23.5 ± 4.7 | 0.58 | −0.8 [−3.92, 2.32] | 0.8 | 0.42 [−2.96, 3.79] |
| TAPS | 26.15 ± 6.99 | 25.15 ± 5.94 | 0.34 | −1 [−3.18, 1.18] | 25.67 ± 7.48 | 27.2 ± 8.69 | 0.32 | 1.44 [−1.68, 4.57] | 0.17 | −2.44 [−6.02, 1.13] |
| Physical function | (n=14) | (n=11) | ||||||||
| Grip strength | 22.27 ± 7.54 | 24.07 ± 5.57 | 0.15 | 1.79 [−0.75, 4.33] | 24.33 ± 8.2 | 25.63 ± 6.65 | 0.4 | 1.3 [−1.98, 4.59] | 0.8 | 0.49 [−3.44, 4.41] |
| Walking speed | 7.72 ± 1.6 | 7.17 ± 1.12 | 0.047 | −0.55 [−1.09, −0.01] | 8.8 ± 3.64 | 7.75 ± 1.12 | 0.34 | −1.04 [−3.38, 1.3] | 0.66 | 0.49 [−1.88, 2.86] |
. To compare changes over the treatment period, the “Pre” values (taken before treatment was initiated) were subtracted from the “Post” values to obtain the “Difference” within a treatment group and were assessed by paired t-tests to identify any statistically significant changes in either the RAPA or Placebo groups. The p-values are shown. The direction of the change is indicated in the “Difference column” where a positive number indicates a higher mean value after treatment and a negative value reflects a lower value after treatment. The 95% confidence interval is shown in brackets.
. To determine whether there was a difference in the RAPA vs. the placebo group, the mean “difference” values were compared using a Welch’s t-test. The resulting p-values are shown. The difference mean changes seen in the RAPA and placebo groups are shown with the 95% confidence interval in brackets.
. The “post” values are taken from the 16 week time point for phase 1 and from the 6–8 week timepoint for phase 2. Cognitive tests were done only twice on each subject to avoid complications due to learning.