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. 2018 Mar 20;8:66. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00066

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Copyright © 2018 Rajagopal and Harikumar.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Role of exosomes in pre-metastatic niche formation. Exosomes will be released from the primary cancer cells into the extracellular sites. Distribution and specific organotropic integration of these vesicles with oncoproteins or nucleic acids as cargos lead to the development of pre-metastatic niche in the secondary site of cancer metastasis. Induction of different signaling pathways and activation of different immune cells in the secondary site helps in the maintenance of cancer favorable inflammatory microenvironment that promotes successful cancer cell metastasis.