Skip to main content
. 2018 Mar 9;10(3):120. doi: 10.3390/v10030120

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Reported and hypothetical sources of VACV transmission from a cow affected by bovine vaccinia (BV). Lesions are a source of VACV transmission by direct contact, and the virus could be eliminated via feces and milk. Bovine feces contaminated with VACV may be responsible for viral maintenance in the environment. Contaminated milk may be a source of VACV transmission via consumption, also to humans.